Final Project: Shoko's Fab Exploration

Final Project

This is the page for describe my final project: Cultural Memory Globe

About My Final Project: Cultural Memory Globe

I love traveling. Why? It is because I like to feel the difference of each unique local nature, culture, and people’s lives of each places. These days we can learn differences between different areas of the earth through the internet or SNS, and feels as if we know about it. However, once I visit the place actually, I really understand what is the place like. Through the final project, I would like to create something make you feel uniqueness of each places and cultural graduation of the world. This would be also nice to record my travel memories with actual feeling.

First Sketch

This is my first sketch of the device.

Features

Basically, this device consists of 2 parts: globe and base. When you choose the country on the globe, the device will project the photos/videos of the country, and also, if possible, it shows the temperature of the place with LEDs or heat.

Basic Function

INPUT : Tap a country you want
OUTPUT :project the photos/videos of the country/change temperature of the device
Surface Material (Globe): Not decided(Glass or metal?)
Surface Material (Base): Wood

Planning

Then, I made plan for each week (Just in case my job get too much busy).

#	M	D	Class	Plan
1	Jan	22	principles and practices, presentations, introductions, project management	Finish my rough sketch
2		29	computer-aided design	Model the device
3	Feb	05	computer-controlled cutting	Try to make/think about base part
4		12	embedded programming	Try to program the function of tap and glow
5		19	3D scanning and printing	Try to make inside of the device / print out glove part
6		26	electronics design	design the electronics of the device
7	Mar	05	computer-controlled machining	- (Make something big)
8		12	electronics production	Cut/print the electronics of the device
9		19	input devices	Try to make sensor parts
10		26	output devices	Try to make speaker/projector parts
11	Apr	02	networking and communications	Try to make signals between globe part and base part
12		09	mechanical design、machine design	- (group assignment week)
13		23	molding and casting	Try to create a mold for casting the globe
14		30	interface and application programming	Try to make app which can add/manage photos
15	May	07	system integration	Try to make it integrated
16		14	wildcard week	Try to cast the globe part with (possibly) glass?
17		21	applications and implications,project development	-
18		28	invention, intellectual property, and income	-
19	Jun	06	weekly assignments deadline	-
		09-	final project presentations	-

Week 2 : 3D Modeling

In week 2, I tried modeling of the device. First, I mage a rough sketch for modeling.

Then, I model it as follows:

Think and design overall structure of the device with Tinker Cad
Modeling for ‘Globe’ part with Blender
Modeling for ‘Base’ part with Fusion
Combine Globe and Base in Blender

Tinker Cad

‘Globe’ part modeling with Blender

‘Base’ part modeling with Fusion

Combine Globe and Base in Blender

For the details, please see Week2 Computer-Aided Design page.

Week 6 : Consider the configuration of the processor and peripherals

This week I searched about possible processors/microcontroller and configurations.

Board	ESP32	Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32S3	Seeed Studio Xiao ESP32C3	Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C6	Arduino Nano	Raspberry Pi Zero W (Projection)
Microcomputer	ESP32	ESP32S3	ESP32C3	ESP32C6	ATmega328P	RP3A0
Datasheet	esp32_datasheet_en.pdf	esp32-s3_datasheet.pdf	esp32-c3_datasheet_en.pdf	esp32-c6_datasheet_en.pdf	A000005-datasheet.pdf	https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-zero-w/

Final configuration plan at this point

During the Lab session, I was advised that if touch + projection is required, the following configuration example would be good. As expected, a Raspberry Pi is required instead of a microcontroller to project videos.

Application	Microcontroller	Input	Output
Touch input detection	xiao (RP2040 or ESP32)	step response (need to decide numbers)	-
Projection	Raspberry Pi	-	projector (need to be chosen)

Week 9 : Consider how to input

For this week, I try out various types of touch sensors.

Results

The results for xiao ESP32S3 are as follows:

Pin	Figure
T1	28600
T2	27500
T3	32000
T7	30700
T8	29100

The results for 1 pin with Resistor are as follows:
Horizontal: Length of wire × Vertical: Size of resistor
*I couldn't figure out the N/A part very well.

		No wire(board direct)	25cm(thick)	25cm(0.2㎜²)
1	100k	7500-15000	500	200
2	100k	~15000	1000	200
3	1M	N/A	N/A	N/A
4	1M	~10000	6-700	400
5	2M	8000~20000	N/A	500

For the details, please see Week9 Input Device page.

Week 10 : LED for lightning

For this week, I try to use Neopixels to light up the sphere.
First I connected it to the S3 and tested it.
It worked fine at first, but then it stopped working, so I used the C3 to test different ways of lighting it up.
I also thought about how to display it.

For the details, please see Week10 Output Device page.

Week 11 : Try wifi connection / communicate with Raspberry Pi

For this week, I tried some communication especially for FP:
1. Use xiao ESP32C3 as WiFi server
2. Communicate with Raspberry Pi with I2C
3. Projection test for Raspberry

NeoPixel - On/off with browser

I tried to turn on and off NeoPixel from the browser. I made it from ”SimpleWiFiServer” test code and the code I made last week for NeoPixel.
Code is on week 11 page

It worked!

However, the NeoPixel were lighting up a little strangely. This will need to be adjusted if I use it finally.

2.I2C - Raspberry Pi(Master)-ESP32C3(Slave)

In the Final Project, I want to use a Raspberry Pi for projection, so I tried communicating with Raspberry Pi.
Load the slave code into Xiao. I used the code provided by Maki-san. (code is on week 11 page)
Check the connection with “i2c detect” command

Make master code into python (helped by Tsuchiya-san). The behavior differed slightly depending on the library, and it was difficult to get it to respond properly, but after adjusting various things, I was able to get it to work well with the following code.

Testing video processing capabilities by version

I sent video data to Raspberry Pi and did a playback test.
Raspberry Pi Zero → Not smooth
Raspberry Pi 3 → Somewhat not smooth
Raspberry Pi 4 → OK
Raspberry Pi 5 → Super smooth

I worked on these with the help of Tsuchiya-san

Installing the Raspberry Pi OS

Download OS from here: https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/

Install OS to SD card

Reference:
https://pages.switch-science.com/Pi400GS/3_installing_raspberry_pi_os.html
https://raspi-school.com/getting-started-with-raspberrypi/
https://raspi-school.com/getting-started-with-raspberrypi/

Settings: Choose OS (filtered by device), and select SD card as strage

How to control it remotely

To connect remotely, the following Wi-Fi settings are required during the OS installation phase.

set host name, user name and password
set Wi-Fi
Enable SSH

Remotely connect to the Raspberry Pi from the terminal (you can connect with a username and IP address)
VNC settings (allow remote access)
Open the VNC viewer and enter the IP address to access
*Do not disconnect the WiFi connection when you want to connect remotely!!!
You can also add new WiFi

*You should download VNC viewer for remote desktop:

Open VNC Viewer, and set Username and pass

Choose address, and you can operate Raspberry Pi remotely

*Above is GUI, but you can also control it with CUI
I used Tera Term
https://teratermproject.github.io/
https://github.com/TeraTermProject/teraterm/releases

Choose TCP/IP, set Host as Raspberry Pi address, select SSH and connect

How to set up WiFi

Create “wpa_supplicant.conf” file.
Load the created file onto the SD card with the OS.
Connections are made in order from the top. List the primary at the top.
The file will disappear after being loaded once. It is loaded into the system.
When new connection destinations are added, the file will be recreated and loaded again.

Reference: https://qiita.com/otibosi/items/115d4b85d386fa670a58

How to send files

Put files into Raspberry Pi via SFTP connection

Install FTP software (winSCP)
https://forest.watch.impress.co.jp/library/software/winscp/download_10950.html

How to enable I2C

Open Raspberry Pi Config and enable I2c.

For the details, please see Week11 Networking and Communications page.

Midterm

System Diagram

Task List

0. Choose Country for 1st spiral
1-1. Try other sensors suggested by Neil
1-2. Choose the mechanism
2-1. Make code for sensors
2-2. Find the right sensitivity
2-3. Decide xiao model
3-1. Decide RaspberryPi Model
3-2. Make code for projection
4-1. Choose projector
4-2. Decide how to show the images
5-1. Make Globe parts(Sandblasting?)
5-2. Make Base parts(CNC?)

Schedule for the remaining week

Month	4				5																															6
Day	27	28	29	30	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Tasks
0. Choose countries (5 countries)					●
1. Input - Touch
1-0. Re-check how sensors work for multiple touch			●	●	●
1-1. Try other sensors proposed by Neil
1-1-1 Multi-touch			●
1-1-2 Network			●			●
1-1-3. Choose a mechanism							★
1-2-1. Decide on a xiao model							★
1-2-2. Write the sensor code (modification of 1-1)							●
1-3-1. Design the board								●	●
1-3-2. Cut the board									●	●	★
1-4. Make a world map
1-4-1. Find data												●	●
1-4-2. Cut + Spread														●	★
1-5. Find the right sensitivity (5 countries)																●	●	●	●	●	●	★
2. Output - Projection
2-0. Decide on a RaspberryPi model						●	★
2-1. Write the projection code						●	●	●	●	●				●	●	●	●	●
2-2. Preparing the projection image
2-3. Selecting a projector								★
2-4. Making the base parts (CNC?)
2-4-1. Design																					●
2-4-2. Cutting and assembly																						★	●
2-5. Deciding how to display the image														●	●	●	●	●							●	●	●	★
3. Integration
3-1. Making the support parts
3-2-1. Incorporating NeoPixcel (Optional)	●	★
3-2-2. Creating the NeoPixcel code (Optional)																												△	△
3-3-1. Considering where to place buttons, etc.																												△	△
3-3-2. Dealing with the codes																																				★
4. Preparing presentation materials
4-1. Video
4-1-1. Shooting																																											★
4-1-2. Editing																																										●	★
4-2. Slide image																																											★

Week 13 : Base for the glass - casting

For this week, I try to make base parts for the glass globe.
*My first plan was float the globe, but it seems no time to do it for 1st spiral…So this new part is needed.

Modeling - Fusion

I scaled the glass and decide the number
Parameter for final model

Check the cross section

I wanted to add a hole for cables.
Add hole with “Slot“ form Sketch menu and extrude it.

Since the wax is smaller than the model size, I made the half cut mold.
To make it divided in the center, use the “Center of mass”.

This is the final model for 1st half.

Path

This time I alse chosed 3.18 square mill.
Setting for roughing
Scan Lines = X + Y
XY speed = 20 mm/sec

Setting for Finishing
Contour Lines : Up out
XY speed = 15 mm/sec

To will without leaving any edges, I have to delete margin.
I set margin bottom = 0mm from Modeling Form menu.

Check time from “Preview Cutting” menu
Time for roughing: 2:53
Time for finishing: 1:37

To set tool, I have to check the depth of workspace, and height of wax, and calculate
depth of workspace : 31mm
(depth of design: 30mm)
height of wax: 37mm
→tool length should be between 31-37

Start cutting.
Roughing goes well.

Finisinng

However, while finishing, the wall broken…(for make hole)
It seems the width is too thin.
Since the mill blades go in from the same direction every time, I think too much pressure was being applied in that direction only.