#include < Wire.h >
            #include < Adafruit_MLX90614.h >
            
            Adafruit_MLX90614 mlx = Adafruit_MLX90614();
            void setup() {
              Serial.begin(9600);
              Wire.begin();
            
              mlx.begin(); // Initialize the MLX90614 sensor
            }
            void loop() {
              float ambientTemp = mlx.readAmbientTempC(); // Read ambient temperature in degrees Celsius
              float objectTemp = mlx.readObjectTempC(); // Read object temperature in degrees Celsius
              Serial.print("Ambient Temperature: ");
              Serial.print(ambientTemp);
              Serial.print(" °C");
              Serial.print("Object Temperature: ");
              Serial.print(objectTemp);
              Serial.print(" °C");
              Serial.println();
              delay(1000); // Delay for 1 second
            }
            
        
       

  
    #include < SPI.h >
      #include < MFRC522.h >
      
      #define RST_PIN 14    // RST pin connected to GPIO 14
      #define SDA_PIN 5     // SDA pin connected to GPIO 5
      MFRC522 mfrc522(SDA_PIN, RST_PIN);  // Create MFRC522 instance
      void setup() {
        Serial.begin(9600);
        SPI.begin();       // Initialize SPI bus
        mfrc522.PCD_Init(); // Initialize MFRC522 RFID reader
      
        Serial.println("Ready to read RFID cards!");
      }
      void loop() {
        // Check if a new card is present
        if (mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent() && mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {
          // Read card UID
          Serial.print("Card UID: ");
          for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++) {
            Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " ");
            Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);
          }
          Serial.println();
          // Halt PICC
          mfrc522.PICC_HaltA();
          // Stop encryption on PCD
          mfrc522.PCD_StopCrypto1();
        }
      }
      
  

Final Project Cover Box Modeling and Printing

The final project prototype circuit should be placed inside the box enclosure

The purpose of creating an electronic circuit cover box in SolidWorks is to provide physical protection for the electronic components and circuits inside. The cover box serves as a barrier against environmental factors such as dust, moisture, and impacts that can damage the electronics. Additionally, the cover box can also play a role in reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues, as it can act as a Faraday cage that shields the electronics from external electromagnetic fields.

In SolidWorks, the cover box can be designed with precise dimensions and features such as ventilation holes, snap fits, and screw holes to accommodate the specific requirements of the electronic circuit. This allows for a custom-fit cover box that provides the necessary protection while allowing for easy access to the electronics when needed.

Because of the popularity of solidworks, i prefered to use it in order to be familiar with it and it will be beneficial in my daily task in fablab

The fillet tool in SolidWorks is used to create rounded edges on parts and models. The fillet tool allows you to add a smooth radius transition between two intersecting surfaces, making the part more aesthetically pleasing and improving its overall design. The fillet tool can be applied to both 2D and 3D models, and it can be used to create fillets of various sizes and shapes. The fillet tool can also improve the functional performance of a part by reducing stress concentrations at sharp corners and i ncreasing its overall strength and durability. By rounding the edges of a part, the fillet tool can also improve its manufacturability, as it eliminates the need for sharp corner transitions that can be difficult to produce with certain manufacturing processes.

for 3D printing, i used ultimaker under-3 pro and creality slicer to print my design . i saved my sliced part to sd card then i inserted.

3D printing process in the Video

After all , i changed my mind about using 3D printed box cover. the error i made is to make an assumption that pcb will fit in the box. the stupidity i did is that i desinged the box before pcb ): thats is the reason i learnt. i have to start production after all design are completed

Sesign new cover box to be produced on MDF 3mm Sheet

no other choice i had after noticing that pcb is not fitting, rather tahn new design and production process

the design is done in solidworks

Box cutting witj laser

Backend(Server side ) Development

To build my server side code, i preferably prefer to use javascript as my favourite programming language. javascript is powerful language for building interactive froontend applications and it is applied in many frontend frameworks like Reactjs and Angularjs and many more

Javascript can be used in backend application with nodejs which i will use along with its powerful backend web application develoment framework called expressjs

System Archtecture

The above image illustate the high level archtecture of the system . The hardware device is the microcintroller which has an RFID Reader and infrared temperature sensor to sense user temperature before granting or denying acess to the given facility The system has two parts: hardware device and server side . the hardware is the microcintroller which takes user temperatur . For this case i take hand temperature and tag ID and send to the remote server. the server receives the request and make queries against the database to verify the existance of the user in the database. if the user is registered and has a normal temperature, the server reply with Access is granted and record the data. If the user is registered with Abnormal temperature The server reply with denied access and record the data If the user is not registerd , his temperature is only shown on LCD screen and the access is automatically denied for the requested access

Device request type

The request from the sensor node is a http request that has Tag Id and User current temperature in the body. so what we have to do is to make an endpoint in the server to receive the request and process it according to the received temperature and user registration status

The following is the code snippet that send a http request in Arduino to the given server endpoint

  
    //check if the wifi is connected now
              if(WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED){
               //send the web request now and check if the result is processed
                HTTPClient http;
                WiFiClient wifiClient;
                // configure traged server and url
                //http.begin("https://192.168.1.12/test.html", "7a 9c f4 db 40 d3 62 5a 6e 21 bc 5c cc 66 c8 3e a1 45 59 38"); //HTTPS
                http.begin(wifiClient,"http://192.168.43.191:4005/card?rfid=" + CARD_N0 + "&temp=" + temperature); //HTTP
                Serial.print("[HTTP] GET...\n");
                // start connection and send HTTP header:
                int httpCode = http.GET();
                // httpCode will be negative on error
                if(httpCode > 0) {
                    // HTTP header has been send and Server response header has been handled
                    //Serial.printf("[HTTP] GET... code: %d\n", httpCode);
        
                    // file found at server
                    if(httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK) {
                      String payload = http.getString();
                      Serial.println(payload);
                      
                      }  
            } else {
                    Serial.printf("[HTTP] GET... failed, error: %s\n", http.errorToString(httpCode).c_str());
                    
                }
              } else{
                  Serial.println("No WiFi Avaialable Now!!!!!");
                  
                  
                }
  

This code snippet checks if the WiFi connection is established and if it is connected, it sends an HTTP GET request to a web server to fetch data. It uses the WiFiClient library to establish a connection with the server and the HTTPClient library to send an HTTP GET request. The response from the server is stored in the payload variable. If the HTTP response code is HTTP_CODE_OK, it means that the server has responded with a success code and the payload is printed on the serial monitor. If the connection or request fails, an appropriate error message is displayed on the serial monitor.

here we send the card number which rfid tag number of user and its taken temperature to the server

the full arduino code for the device can be downlaoded here

To send a request to the server we need to know the server Url, port and endpoint that handles the request

For our case we have the following

• Server ip: 192.168.43.91
• Port: 4005
• Endpoint: /card
• Query parameters: {rfid ,temp }
• Request type: GET

When the request type from sensor node is known, then we can build the backend to handle device request

Mongodb database and User Data Model

why mongodb?

MongoDB is a popular NoSQL document-oriented database management system, and there are several reasons why it has gained such widespread popularity:

• Flexible data model: MongoDB's document-based data model allows for flexible schema design, which means that data can be stored in a way that is more natural to the application.
• Scalability: MongoDB's architecture is designed to scale horizontally, which means that it can handle large amounts of data and high traffic loads.
• Performance: MongoDB is known for its fast read and write performance. Its indexing capabilities, automatic sharding, and in-memory storage engine contribute to its ability to handle large workloads.
• Open source: MongoDB is an open-source database, which means that it is free to use, and its source code is available for inspection and modification.
• Community support: MongoDB has a large and active community of developers and users who provide support, share knowledge, and contribute to the development of the platform.
• Cloud integration: MongoDB has strong integration with cloud platforms like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, making it easy to deploy and manage in the cloud.

for this system , it easier for me to use mogodb database because it is even easier to find cloud free mongodb tiers available for free like Mongodb atlas and

The system will only have two tables . one for user table and other one to hold user transactions

User Schema

  
     const userSchema = new Schema ({
      firstname: { type: String},
      lastname: { type: String},
       Department:{type:String}
       Post:{type:String}
       NID: { type: String},
       District: { type: String},
       Sector: { type: String},
       Cell: { type: String},
       Village: { type: String},
       Phone: { type: String},
       card: { type: String, required:true },
     });
  

Transaction schema

  
    const TranSchema = new Schema({
      firstname: { type: String},
      lastname: { type: String},
      Department:{type:String}
      Post:{type:String}
      NID: { type: String},
      District: { type: String},
      Sector: { type: String},
      Cell: { type: String},
      Village: { type: String},
      Phone: { type: String},
      card: { type: String, required:true },
      temperature: { type: Number},
      status: { type: String},
      time: { type: String},
    });
  

Once we know the data model. we can proceed with the backend Development of our APIs that will handle client request

to make the API , i have used expressjs which is a javascript framework to build flexible and scalable backend apps.

I had previous backend experience using expressjs and it was not a big proble for me . to be able to use express , we have to install nodejs in your system .

it is As an asynchronous event-driven JavaScript runtime, Node.js is designed to build scalable network applications.

it available for mac, windows and linux

when nodejs is installed we have to check its version in your system termonal by typing the following code

  
    node --version
  

To initialize a Node.js project, follow these steps:

1. Open a terminal or command prompt and navigate to the directory where you want to create your project.
2. Run the following command to initialize a new Node.js project using npm (Node Package Manager):

npm init

This command will prompt you with a series of questions to set up your project. You can choose to accept the default values by pressing enter for each question, or you can provide your own answers.

Once you have answered all the questions, npm will generate a package.json file in your project directory. This file contains metadata about your project, such as its name, version, dependencies, and scripts.

You can now install any dependencies that your project requires using the npm install command followed by the package name. For example, to install the Express framework, run the following command:

npm install express

This will install the latest version of Express and update your package.json file with the dependency.

That's it! You have now successfully initialized a new Node.js project and installed a package dependency.

Here is a basic example of an Express.js server that listens for requests on port 3000:

The full backend code can be downlaoded here and it is developed in nodejs with expressjs

BACKEND API TESTING WITH POSTMAN

Postman API Testing Tool is a popular software application used by developers, testers, and API providers to test, document, and collaborate on APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). It provides a user-friendly interface that allows users to create and send HTTP requests, analyze responses, and validate API endpoints.

downlaod postman and install it via this web site

I have a backend built but the device code is not yet complete. i have to test my backend refering to the reuest type from the device and the request type was demonstrated above .

http request from the device looks like the following

  
    http.begin(wifiClient,"http://192.168.43.191:4005/card?rfid=" + CARD_N0 + "&temp=" + temperature); //HTTP
    Serial.print("[HTTP] GET...\n");
    // start connection and send HTTP header:
    int httpCode = http.GET();
  

Now lets test the API with a postman.

Request and response from Un-registered User

Request and response from Registered User with Normal Temperature

Request and response from Registered User with Abnormal Temperature Above 37 degrees

The API looks like working perfectly and the remaining is to mke a device that do the request to the API and see the system come into real life......

Frontend App development

the frontend is made with express handlebars

Handlebars.js is a templating engine similar to the ejs module in node.js, but more powerful and simple to use. It ensures minimum templating and is a logicless engine that keeps the view and the code separated. It can be used with express as the hbs module, available through npm. HandleBars can be used to render web pages to the client side from data on the server side.

Command to install hbs module:

          
            npm i hbs
          
        

To use handlebars in express, we need to store HTML code into a .hbs extension in the ‘views’ folder in the source directory as hbs looks for the pages in the views folder. The first thing we need to do in the index.js file is to require the hbs module

          
        const express = require('express')
        const hbs = require('hbs')
        const app = express()
          
        

Now, we need to change the default view engine.

          
            app.set('view engine', 'hbs')
        
          
        

In case the views directory is undesirable, you can change the view path by the following command:

          
            app.set('views', )
        
          
        

Now, we render our webpage index.hmtl through express to the local server.

          
        
            app.get('/', (req, res) => {
              res.render('index.html')
            })
            
            app.listen(3000);
            
          
        

this is how i am rendering my html files to the frontend within the express server . mode details on how to use handlebars , please visit handlebars official site

Final Frontend App Testing with

Using postman, i have been able to create users and make random request to the API and test all functionlities needed and i bult frontend to work with the API.

Home Page with Registered Users

ADDING USERS THROUGH UI

you can just add users by tapping your card to rfid reader and the tag appears directly in the field and then you add other user details

VIEW NORMAL STAFF TEMPERATURE

Click on normal link to get the list of normal staff temperature with temperature below the threshold of 37 celcius degrees

VIEW ABNORMAL STAFF TEMPERATURE

Click on Anormal link to get the list of normal staff temperature with temperature above the threshold of 37 celcius degrees

LIFE VIEW OF USERS WHO NEED ACCESS

Click on Live attendance link to see live view as users taps on the rfid reader to seek for access

SOMEONE NOT REGISTERD AND HAVING ABNORMAL TEMPERATURE

Final Project atfer implementation

Cutting Door Frame and Making final Door Lock System

VIDEO OF FINAL PROJECT

LIcence agreement

you can find the licence agreement of my project here