Computer-Aided Design

General concepts

- Vector graphics: Are computer graphics images that are defined in terms of points on a Cartesian plane, which are connected by lines and curves to form polygons and other shapes.
- Píxel: Is the smallest homogeneous color unit that is part of a digital image.
- CAD: Computer-Aided Design - CAD tools allow us to create digital geometric shapes in 2 and 3 dimensions, as well as realistic animations and images.
- 3D Design: Is the set of techniques used to project in three dimensions. It would be the first step to design objects, constructions and three-dimensional pieces before modeling or building them.
- A point cloud: Is a set of vertices in a vertices in a three-dimensional coordinate system coordinate system. These vertices are usually identified usually identified as X, Y, and Z coordinates, and are representations of the external surface external surface of an object. Point clouds are usually created with a laser three-dimensional scanner.
- Polygons: Surface generated by systems of vertexes vertex systems positioned in a virtual space with its own coordinate data. There are various systems and algorithms of creation. A mesh is constructed from a minimum of 3 vertices called a minimum of 3 vertices called a face, which is the basic basic unit of any three-dimensional polygon.
- B-splines: Scaling or translating the node vector does not alter the basis functions. In other words, if we manipulate a control point we change only the local behavior of the curve and not the global behavior as with Bézier curves. The basis function can be obtained from the Bernstein polynomial.
- NURBS: Non-uniform rational B-splines or NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) is a mathematical model widely used in computer graphics to generate and represent curves and surfaces.

(Source: Wikipedia.com)

My final project

To start my design I needed to diagram my system, this is the best way to organize my ideas so I use one virtual platform calls Miro to do it, it help me to understand step by step my system and my project. Well, it is two alternatives to use it, one is with their parents and the second when their are alone. The first posibbilitie is when child go to sleep at night and their parents can interactive with they, this is important to connect between both because Quentino can program one story and put one topic about soft skills to develop on the child. The second one is when the child is making other activities during the day, this posibilitie works giving a chance to move and talk to Quentino to participate on the story.

Some Software

- Inkscape: Computer-Aided Design - CAD tools allow us to create digital geometric shapes in 2 and 3 dimensions, as well as realistic animations and images.
- Sketch UP: Is the set of techniques used to project in three dimensions. It would be the first step to design objects, constructions and three-dimensional pieces before modeling or building them.
- ZBrush Core mini: Is a set of vertices in a vertices in a three-dimensional coordinate system coordinate system. These vertices are usually identified usually identified as X, Y, and Z coordinates, and are representations of the external surface external surface of an object. Point clouds are usually created with a laser three-dimensional scanner.
- FreeCAD: Surface generated by systems of vertexes vertex systems positioned in a virtual space with its own coordinate data. There are various systems and algorithms of creation. A mesh is constructed from a minimum of 3 vertices called a minimum of 3 vertices called a face, which is the basic basic unit of any three-dimensional polygon.
- Fusion 360: Escalar o trasladar el vector de nodo no altera las funciones de base. En otras palabras si manipulamos un punto de control cambiamos sólo el comportamiento local de la curva y no el comportamiento global como con las curvas de Bézier. La función base se pueda obtener del polinomio de Bernstein.
- Blender: B-splines racionales no uniformes o NURBS (acrónimo inglés de non-uniform rational B-spline) es un modelo matemático muy utilizado en la computación gráfica para generar y representar curvas y superficies.

(Source: Wikipedia.com)

Hand drawing

The best tecnology to create anything is a pencil, well, I love to use some markers so I want to show you some of my proposals. 🥰

Gimp

It is the first time I use the GIMP program, I find it much more friendly than Photoshop, it is a free program like many of those I am using in this course and that is super good, thanks to this program you can retouch, compose and edit images, but the use that I am giving it is to compress my images, I convert them all to JPG format and lower the quality so it can be lighter, the good thing is that almost no resolution is lost.

Inkscape

Inkscape is a powerful free vector drawing software for Windows and Mac that allows you to create graphics in a similar way to Adobe Illustrator. It has a very complete interface and at first glance I liked it a lot, I had used it a few times but this is the first time I explore it in more detail. In order to generate a first vectorization I used a Cuentology photograph, I made the following steps:

1. I imported the image.
2. I placed "vectorize bitmap" at the top.
3. I configured the window and placed preview.
4. Finally I deleted the imported image to keep the vectorized image.
5. I saved the new image in svg format.

This program is very interesting, I had not explored the 3d version from a vectorization program like this one so this time I ventured. Thanks to the fact that there is a free version and it doesn't take much time to download I was able to get Inskape from the official website here. I recommend it to pass your base ideas and develop the possible details with 3D effects. On this occasion I tried some alternatives for Quentino's shape. The best tutorial I found taught me to understand the logic of shadows and volumetrics in 3d. here 😄

FreeCAD

My experience with FreeCAD has been hard, I knew how to handle 2d and 3D drawing but I had not designed mechanisms before. The logic I followed was to first draw the design by hand, otherwise it would be complicated to start designing in the software, then I separated the pieces to build them in parts and then I worked on the joints. It is not so complicated when you find the good handling of the constraints, FreeCAD has the possibility to make it easy to create 3d from 2d. The official site has many other instructions to try to understand this program. Official website

Blender

With blender I have been able to make some tests of movement in mechanisms, I find it very good but it is not very easy to use. Here I have solved some possibilities and thanks to some tutorials I was able to test some simulations for a part of my project.

Possibilities

To begin to understand the logic of Blender I needed to take a look at many videos but there was one that taught me step by step how the joints work.here

Here are some tricks I learned by exploring:
1. Shift + A = Add
2. Z = Display type of the object
3. Shift + D = duplicate
4. S = Scale
5. G + Z = Move up and down
6. S + Z = Vertical scale
7. Alt + R = Clear
8. M: Properties

Other explorations (Sketch UP & Sketch Fab)

I used Sketch Up to try to model online some ideas of the Quentino pieces, thanks to this program I could have a way to represent my ideas at the beginning since it is a bit difficult to start drawing in an interface that you don't know so Sketch Up helped me a lot to clarify my ideas after working them by hand. The difference of this type of drawing is that it is not parametric, it is composed by meshes, now that I am practicing parameterization I understand that it is much more efficient to work with relationships between components.

After the modeling I downloaded the STL file and explored Sketch Fab, this platform is very good to see a simulation of your proposal, it helped me to see it in space and use the VR. You only need to have an account with an email and you will be enabled to use it. I highly recommend it.

With the APP