I have picked up on a number of small programming tasks that have been set.
        The first of these is to turn a light on when a button is pressed.
        
       
       
      
        // turn on led when button is pressed
        
        #define LED 13           //the pin for the LED
        #define BUTTON 7      //the pin for the  button                    
        int val = 0;                //val will be used to 
               //store the state of the              //input pin
                           
        void setup() {
          pinMode(LED,OUTPUT);    
        //set the LED as an output
          pinMode(BUTTON, INPUT);    
        //set the button as an input
        }
        
        void loop() {
          val = digitalRead(BUTTON);  
        //read the button and store     
        //answer check to see if input is high
          if (val == HIGH){
            digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);  
        //turn LED on
          } else {
            digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
          }
        }
        
       
      
        I found this initial program relatively easy; the only problem I have with this one is the double = sign used to make a comparison. 
        The rest is just terminology.