Week 2

Computer-aided design

Some vectors and some not so much vector

I use Fusion 360 in Windows. It's actually one of the few reasons why i have Windows in double boot as I usually only use Linux for work and for whatever else in life.
I decided to investigate if it was at all possible to use Fusion in Linux and found that there is a snap install altought in beta.
By the way, I do know about the web version. I just prefer to use the desktop version.
Here is the link for the Snap install: Fusion 360 Snap
So, opened the terminal and typed: sudo snap install --beta fusion360 --devmode

The installation went alright and I took the time to install Blender. I already have Inkscape installed.
So tried to run Fusion in Linux and it took a while to load. I was expecting it to be faster.
I was able to open the file I had been working on in Windows and it was all there but it was sooooo slow i decided to give up
The course is pretty fast paced so it doesn't allow me to fumble around trying to find a solution for something that is not really necessary in this moment
I will try to find a solution for this later.

Remenber me writing that Fusion is just one of the reasons I keep Windows around? The other ones are Adobe Illustrator, Photoshop, Audition and Premiere

Back in Windows to run Fusion 360.
On the top of my head a couple of things that one should never forget:

That last one is transversal to every pice of software that one uses. I have seen people using inches in Fusion 360 and that is just wrong.

That last one is transversal to every piece of software that one uses. I have seen people using inches in Fusion 360 and that is just wrong for me.

My first step was to measure a tshirt. I remov.ed the background in Photoshop and added the lines in Adobe Illustrator

Then in Adobe Illustrator added the measurements simulating the folding segments.

After the initial setup of Illustrator, I started by drawing a simple rectangle but things moved fast as I alreay know how to use illustrator

Things moved so fast that in a couple of minutes i had a file ready to send to Lightburn. Lightburn is the software i use for my Laser Cutter

Replicating the process in Inkscape.

I also did the same design but in Inkscape.

The tool is a lot like Illustrator so the design process is the same.

I used the "create rectangles and squares" tool and well as the "Draw bezier curves and straight lines" tools

One thing that I noticed is that the file size is a lot smaller in Inkscape than in Illustrator as it saves in SVG.

Start modeling in Fusion 360

Back in Windows to run Fusion 360.

So, I started modeling in Fusion 360. I started by creating a new project and like I wrote before, the first step is to save

After that, we see if our measurements are fine

Almost everyone has a different way of working in Fusion 360, so there are some other configurations that one can look into:

Fusion 360 comes with Tutorials and they are very good

Now we are first going to create a sketch, turn it into a component, add a repeating pattern and then clone it because we have two parts that are equal.
I'm going to sketch, extrude, constrain, offset and in the end a simple animation.
I'm also going to model a parametric, print-in-place, hinge.

My instructors warned me about torque and the weight of the boards, so I decided that by removing material the boards will be lighter.
Fusion has a cool tool for this as one can control the number of repetitions

And now...the Extrusion!

Time to duplicate!
In Fusion there are a couple of ways to duplicate and one must be carefull cause some of this ways link components.
I usually just to "paste to new"

Now I just had to repeat the process for the middle boards

Modeling a parametric Hinge that is a print in place for the final project

So this part is going to be used in the final project. Well, probably not this one but this principle.
In fusion a user can define User Parameters and use this values in equations

Now we can use this parameteres in equations

Another example

One hinge almost complete

First version

A simple animation made in Fusion 360

Fusion has a animation interface integrated.
It is very simple to use and it is very intuitive but it does lack some features that I would like to see in the future.
One of those features is the export of mp4.
But it was usefull to test my ffmpeg skills.

Printing the hinge

I tried printing the hinge.
It printed ok but still needs work.

Trying out Blender

I'm trying out Blender to compare it do Fusion 360. I have used Blender a long time ago so I did a Tutorial do refresh (actually learn everything

Blender is a very powerful tool and it is free. It is also very complex and it has a steep learning curve.
I'm going to try to use it to make something simple.

So I didn't finish the project but i did get the hang of it. Currently i do prefer Fusion 360 more, as I just know how to use it more.

I will certanly use Blender in the future.

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Files

• Folding machine
• Print in place hinge
• Inkscape laser cut project
• Illustrator laser cut project

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Learned this week (in no special order)

• How to animate in Fusion 360;
• Adding parametric personalization to a model;
• Creating a print in place 3D model for printing;
• Shape constrains;

Usefull commmands:

Variable bit rate 1080p MP3:

Ffmpeg -i input_video -vcodec libx264 -crf 25 -preset medium -vf scale=-2:1080 -acodec libmp3lame -q:a 4 -ar 48000 -ac 2 output_video.mp4

Fixed bit rate 1080p MP2:

ffmpeg -i input_video -vcodec libx264 -b:v 1000k -vf scale=-2:1080 -acodec mp2 -b:a 256k -ar 48000 -ac 2 output_video.mp4

No audio:

ffmpeg -i input_video -vcodec libx264 -b:v 1000k -vf scale=-2:1080 -an output_video.mp4

Crop size (width:height:xoffset:yoffset):

ffmpeg -i input_video -vf crop=1500:800:200:100 -vcodec libx264 -b:v 1000k -an output_video.mp4

Trim time (-ss start time, -t duration):

> ffmpeg -i input_video -vcodec libx264 -b:v 1000k -an -ss 00:00:10 -t 00:00:10 output_video.mp4

Mix audio and video:

ffmpeg -i input_video -vcodec libx264 -b:v 1000k -vf crop=1120:876:0:100 -i input_audio -acodec mp2 -b:a 256k -ar 48000 -ac 2 -ss 00:00:20 -t 00:00:20 output_video.mp4

Crop, pan, composite:

ffmpeg -i input_video_1 -i input_video_2 -filter_complex '[1:v]crop=175:95:930:860[cropout];[cropout]scale=350:190[scaleout];[0:v][scaleout]overlay=10:10[outv]' -map '[outv]' -vcodec libx264 -b:v 1000k -map 0:a -acodec mp2 -b:a 256k -ac 2 -t 00:00:05 output_video.mp4

Numbered images to video:

ffmpeg -r 30 -i %04d.jpg -vcodec libx264 -b:v 1000k -vf scale=-2:1080 -an output_video.mp4

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Notes and Thoughts

• This computer doesn't have the necessary performance for complex 3D Modeling;
• I should learn more Blender;
• I really have to draw the full projecto to understand how it all works;
• To model or edit images one should use a mouse. The trackpad doesn't cut it;

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Links

• Automatic documentation
• Sculpt GL
• Five essential tips for beginers
• Five essential tips for beginers
• Desktop Makes Sketch constrains cheatsheet
• Hinges Tutorial
• Nema 17 motor model
• Onshape

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