2. Computer Aided design¶

Weekly Summary¶

Sketching Final project for 2D/ 3D

GIMP (Raster Sketch)
XnConvert (Compress images)
Inkscape (Vector sketch)
FreeCad, Fusion360 (3D modeling)
Blender (Texture, Animation and rendering)
Adobe After effects and Encoder (Compress Video)

Assignments¶

model (raster, vector, 2D, 3D, render, animate, simulate, …) a possible final project,
compress your images and videos,
post a description with your design files on your class page

GIMP¶

I would like to use my pen tablet, so I downloaded the Driver of it for windows pc.

I use “Wacom Intuos CTL-480”.

And restart the pc. It took quite a long. (around 15min)

Setting the tablet and pen.

Downloaded the GIMP directory.

Open it and Create a New Image.

I set a squire canvas.

Start painting with “Paintbrush Tool (P)”

And Change the color

You can set the 2 colors here. Just double click to change the color.

Choose a blush and painting

Fill the color with “Bucket Fill Tool(Shift + B)”

I trimmed the gap.

Push this button on the very bottom of right side.

Add another layer

Painting the heart and shadow on same layer.

I added Opacity(58.2) when I paint the shadow.

and add Opacity(95) for heart layer.

I noticed that I paint on Background layer which is not transparency.

So I added another layer on the front of background layer and paint nose again.

I picked the color of nose with “Color Picker Tool(O)”

And add the shadow layer and painting

And done!!

Evaluate

It reminds me about “MacPaint”. So it is understandable icon and a sensible app, especially for people who use Adobe illustrator.

XnConvert¶

Downloded XnConvert and Open the app

Add files

Setting Actions. Add Resize.

Change the compress size

And change to “Reduce only”. Then images do not change bigger.

Move to “Output” and change format to JPG.

change the “Filename” to Image##

And rename “wk00”

and press “Convert”

You need to change the number in Output when you continue to use it.

Evaluate

It is easy tool for compress and rename the pictures. I like those simple app specifically for something.

Inkscape¶

Download Now! > Windows > 64-bit > Installer in .exe format

Open New Document

I change the canvas size on right side (Document Properties) for square.

I started to draw with “Draw Bezier curves and straight lines(B)” tool.

Drawing nose shape

Clean the pass with “Edit paths by nodes(N)” tool

Make a nice curves

make a circle with “Create circles, ellipses, and arcs (E)” tool

A circle on the nose

You can create the object with parameter.

Select both object

Go to Path> Difference

Hollow out the nose with a circle

Do the same thing on the another side.

Add extra pass with “Edit paths by nodes(N)”

Select the place which you want to add the pass.

Push “Insert new nodes into selected segments” button.

Added the pass

And make a nice curve again

I also create the heart shape on the nose.

Change the color.

Go to Object> Fill and Stroke

Change the Fill to Flat color

and the stroke to No paint

Change the color of nose

Also change the color of heart. I left the stroke color on this time.

And I change the opacity too.

Evaluate

It is not complicated tool and free. So I recommend for new starters.

But I’m familiar with Adobe Illustrator, so I’m comfortable to use it more than Inkscape.

FreeCad¶

I found the Tutorial, so I followed it.

Download FreeCAD for Windows

Create New…and select Sketcher

Create a new sketch.

Choose YZ-Plane> OK

Create straight line.

Make a curve

And press Close

Create new sketch for XZ-Plane

But then I noticed that line I create wasn’t line. Because you can see the blue line.

So I went back to last sketch and make line with different tool.

And recreated the top point on the Y axis.

I created XY-Plane with same tool. and linked the top point.

Choose the both point and click this button

Fit the points

After finish the sketches, go to Part.

And choose sweep

Select objects and Add one sketch

And select another object with Sweep Path

And select the lines with “ctrl”.

and press OK

I expected to create nose shape, but it wasn’t…

It took pretty much of time, so I decided to move on to Blender and Fusion360 without figured this out.

Evaluate

The UI is pretty different from the apps I usually use. So It makes me confused. But it is free, that’s plus. I need to learn more to use it comfortably.

Fusion360¶

Downloaded Fusion 360 with Education license.

Sign in to get started from e-mail.

Choose Education version

I added my information, but it seems not going well.

So I changed the way that my co-worker tried and success to download.

Open the website of Fusion360 and download free trial.

After downloaded, sign in with my education account.

And I succeeded using education version.

Modeling

My local instructor showed me the reference book of fusion 360. So I followed it.

(p.132~156)

Open Fusion360. And chose Sketch with XY-plane.

Insert> Canvas>Insert from my computer

Select image for guideline> Open

Set the center point and OK

Select the image file and click> Calibrate

Selected top and bottom point. I set 150mm this time.

Create sketch > Line(I)

Change the linetype to Construction

Create middle line

Collect the mid line and mid point with ”Coincident”.

Select the mid line and mid point, and you can see the line black that means no moving.

Create out line of nose with “Fit Point Spline”

Remove Snap check box

Draw the outline of side. Deselection with “esc” key.

Snap the handles for Horizontality with “Horizontal / Vertical”

Select the handles on top and bottom.

Finish Sketch

Create sketch > YZ-plane

Create > Project/ include > Project

Select the top and bottom points. You can see purple points.

Press OK

You can change the view point with this box.

Create the line of Z axis.

Make sure to check both points are perfectly fit. And Finish Sketch.

Select Surface > Extrude

Extrude for 30mm right

Press OK

Extrude for -30mm down

Create sketch > ZX-plane

Create > Project/ include > Intersect

Select the lines > OK

Create a line from purple pint to purple pint. Snap the handles for Horizontality and Verticality.

And “Finish Sketch”.

Create “Construct” > Move to highest point of nose (-43mm)

Select the Construct plane

And Create sketch > Project/ include > Intersect >Select the points

Create line > Finish Sketch

Surface > Create > Loft

Select two lines with “Profiles”

Select another two lines with “Rails”. Press OK

Delete the Body1 and 2

Surface > Create > Mirror

Select Type “Bodies”

Select YZ-plane for “Mirror Plane”

It’s Mirroring.

Surface > Create > Patch

Select out line from Bottom side. Press OK.

Modify > Stitch

Select two Surface

Press OK

It’s changed to Solid icon.

Create Sketch > Drawing half heart > Finish Sketch

Select Extrude and Extent Type is “To Object”. Offset is 2mm.

Then you can see the hear following nose shape.

Mirror for another side.

Create “Construct” > Move to bottom point of nose (-68mm)

Select Construct plane > Create Sketch > Create > Center Diameter Circle (C)

Create a Circle (30mm)

Create a middle line with “Construction Line” > Create > Mirror.

Select Circle for Objects and mid line for Mirror Line. Press OK > Finish Sketch

Solid > Extrude

Select two circles and Cut 30mm

Modify > Fillet (F) > select inside circles > 15mm fillet > OK

Modify > Fillet (F) > select outside circles > 3mm fillet > OK

Nose body is done.

Evaluate

It is good tool for measurement design. And UI is simple to use.

Blender¶

I already have Blender on my mac pc.

And I followed those tutorials (Japanese and English) to modeling.

I found the sample pic for modeling.

Open the New File with “General”.

Edit> Preferences

Search “Auto Mirror” and check on check box.

Push “N” and then you can see the tub

Cube is already there when you open the new file. But if you want to add object, you can find the command “shift + A”.

Tap ”AutoMirror” and change to Edit mode.

You can see the middle point on your cube.

I grab a point and make the nose shape.

you can add another point with “shift + R” or “K”.

Make a nose shape checking the sample pic.

I added the Subdivision modifier.

Also I changed the Material (Base Color, Subsurface and Subsurface Color).

Check the looking on “Rendered” on menu bar or “Z”.

You can see the final looking.

It’s still rough polygon but I afraid to become heavy file.

So I stopped with it for now.

Short Cut Keys¶

G : grab

S : scale

R : Rotate

K : Knife (Space or Enter when you finish)

ctrl + R : loop cut

shift + A : Add object

F : Fill the surface

Z : Shading

Numeric Keypad(テンキー)

0 : camera view

1 : front

3 : left side

7 : top

Evaluate

It is good for mesh design object. But Mesh might be broken when you change the sizes.

I’m comfortable to use it for Animation, but still straggle with Material and Modeling.

Export Fusion360 to Blender

I followed this Tutorial.

Export the data on Fusion360

I exported 3MF file.

Download the Zipp file about import 3MF file to Blender from here.

Open Blender > Edit > Preferences

Install on the right top corner

Select “Blender3mfFormat-1.0.1.zip” and Install Add-on from File…

Testing > Check the “Import-Export: 3MF format” check box

File > Import > 3D Manufacturing Format (.3mf)

Select the file and Import

Select “Measure” and check the sizes. It is same size I create in Fusion360 that the reason why I chose a 3mf file

Add Materials and Animation

Add a new material

Right click to split area on gap.

Select Editor Type for “Shader Editor”

Select the nose and change the color of “Base Color” and “Subsurface Color”.

Select heart and add new material > Shift + A > Search… > Add Shader and Emission.

Connect as follow;

Change the color of Emission.

And I add animation on Strength.

Strength : low(1.800) and High(17.200)

Alternating low and high every 10 frames.

Joint (Ctrl + J) the nose and heart. And 90° X Rotation.

Add Animation. The Yellow boxes mean it has key frame.

Create Key frame with short cut “I” on the number. It turn to Green when you move the timeline.

And It turn to Orange when you change the number.

This time, I create the key frames as follow;

Z Rotation : 500 to 0

Z location : 0.39964 to 0.09963

Setting the Rendering with “Dimensions”.

I set 50 frames with “End” , select the folder with “Output” and change the JPEG format with “File Format”.

Render > Render Animation (Command + F12).

You can see the saved jpeg files on your folder.

Adobe After effects and Media Encoder¶

You need a license to use Adobe app. But I have so I use those for rendering mp4.

Open After Effects and create New Project

Add image here. Right click > Import > File… (Command + I)

Select a first image and check in the “Importer JPEG Sequence” check box.

Create the composition and move on to Adobe Media Encoder.

File > Export > Add to Adobe Media Encoder Queue(Alt + Command + M)

Automatically open Media Encoder.

You can change the Preset or Output File and starting render with Green triangle on the top right corner.

I change the size to half HD.

Final Result

How I figure out about video upload.¶

I didn’t know how to figure this out. So I asked the question in MatterMost.

And Henk Buursen suggested me about Douwe’s documentation.

I just add “../” before “image”.

<video width="100%" style="border-radius:10px" controls>
<source src="../../images/week02/nose_animation.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video>

And it showed up!!!!!

Links¶

Nose with GIMP [xcf]
Nose with Inkscape [svg]
Nose with FreeCad [FCStd]
Nose with Fusion360 [f3d]
Nose with Blender [blend]
Material, Animation with Blender [blend]
3D nose file [3mf]

What I learned¶

I learned there are a lot of tools and different UI. So you can find your favorite app.

I tried to use Handbreak and FFmpeg for compress video, but Handbreak isn’t variety of extension. And FFmpeg is not make sense to me using code. So I just stuck to use Adobe Media Encoder this time.

Appendix¶

Last update: February 11, 2022