Output Devices

Group Assignment

As part of the group assignment, we analyzed different types of output devices and their applications in embedded systems. We measured the power consumption of different actuators and identified the best configurations for efficient performance.

For more details on our group work, visit: Group Assignment

Invidual Assignment

In this assignment, I explored the use of output devices in embedded systems, specifically using the Xiao ESP32S3, an OLED 128x32 display, and a servo motor. The goal was to control the servo motor using buttons and display its movement status on the OLED screen.

What Are Output Devices?

Output devices are hardware components that receive data from a microcontroller or computer and convert it into a perceivable form such as motion, light, or sound. These devices play a crucial role in interactive systems. Examples include:

• Displays (OLED, LCD, LED Matrix)

• Motors (Servo, Stepper, DC Motors)

• Speakers and Buzzers

• LEDs

For this assignment, I worked with three servo motors to explore synchronized motion control. I used the custom PCB I fabricated during Week 8 of the Fab Academy, integrating a 5V voltage regulator to ensure stable power delivery to the motors. This experiment directly supports my final project: the development of an exoskeleton for rehabilitation in individuals with paralysis.

Materials Used

• Custom PCB (fabricated in Week 8)
• 5V Voltage Regulator
• Xiao ESP32S3
• 3 SG90 Servo Motors
• External 5V Power Supply
• Jumper Wires and Breadboard

Circuit Connections

Servo Motor Connections

Servo Motor	Xiao ESP32S3
Servo 1 Signal	GPIO 2
Servo 2 Signal	GPIO 3
Servo 3 Signal	GPIO 4
VCC	5V (Regulated)
GND	GND

Code Implementation

I programmed the Xiao ESP32S3 using Arduino IDE, a popular development environment for embedded systems. Arduino can be downloaded from: Download Arduino.

The code utilizes the ESP32Servo.h library to control the servo motors.

                    

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Code Explanation

The code initializes the servos, assigns them to specific GPIO pins, and uses a loop to rotate them in a synchronized manner. The main functions include:

• Initializing the ESP32Servo library
• Attaching the servos to the designated pins
• Setting up an alternating motion pattern
• Ensuring smooth and synchronized rotation

Learning Outcomes

During Week 10 of the Fab Academy, I enhanced my understanding of output devices and their integration into embedded systems. I learned how to measure power consumption for different actuators, optimize energy efficiency, and implement real-time motor control. Additionally, this assignment strengthened my skills in circuit design, voltage regulation, and firmware programming, which are crucial for my final project.