Week 02

Computer-Aided Design

2D, 3D, AI, Video and Media Optimization

1. Checklist

2. Software Overview

During this week, I explored different software tools for raster editing, vector design, 3D CAD modeling, AI-assisted image generation, video editing, and image optimization. The purpose was to compare workflows and understand how each tool supports design development for digital fabrication.

Category Software Main purpose Output / file type
Raster GIMP / Photoshop Image editing, masking, composition, appearance adjustment XCF / PSD / PNG
Vector Inkscape / Illustrator Image tracing, vector cleanup, scalable geometry SVG / AI
3D Inventor / SolidWorks Sketch-based modeling, solid design, assemblies IPT / SLDPRT / SLDASM
AI DALL·E / ChatGPT Visual ideation and concept generation PNG
Video Premiere Pro Timeline-based video editing and export MP4 / PRPROJ
Compression Photoshop Visual integration and appearance optimization PNG / JPG

3. Raster Design

In this section, I explored raster workflows using GIMP and Adobe Photoshop. These tools allowed me to work with bitmap images through selections, layers, masks, textures, and blending modes.

3.1 GIMP

Version used: GIMP 3.0.8.1

In this exercise, I used GIMP to combine images through selections, layers, and masking logic. The objective was to reveal a second image only inside a selected region and improve the final visual integration.

Workflow

  1. Importing the image: I imported the PNG image GIMP_logo.png into the workspace as the base image of the composition.
  2. Selecting the target region: I used the Free Select Tool (lasso tool) to manually select a specific area where the second image would be displayed.
  3. Creating a new layer: I created a new layer and inserted another image to place it over the original composition.
  4. Using masking logic: The selected region defined the visible area for the inserted image, producing a masking effect.
  5. Improving appearance: I changed the blending mode to Multiply so both images would merge in a more natural way.
GIMP process screenshot 1
Initial selection and masking process in GIMP.
GIMP process screenshot 2
Final visual result after adjusting the blending mode.

Image sources:
Image 1: https://share.google/ccq1ST2bMRzPmYQn2
Image 2: https://share.google/JlkLrq3csZwL0JvhI

3.2 Adobe Photoshop

In this exercise, I used Adobe Photoshop to apply a texture or graphic onto a selected object using selections, duplicated layers, clipping masks, and blending modes.

Workflow

  1. Importing the image: I opened the base image in Photoshop.
  2. Selecting the t-shirt: I used the Object Selection Tool and changed the mode to Lasso. Then I manually selected the t-shirt area.
  3. Duplicating the selection: With the selection active, I created two separate layers containing only the selected garment.
  4. Importing the texture: I inserted the new image that would be applied to the t-shirt.
  5. Creating a clipping mask: I restricted the texture so it would only be visible inside the shirt area.
  6. Applying blending mode: I changed the blending mode to Linear Burn to preserve the folds and shadows of the fabric.
Photoshop screenshot 1
Manual shirt selection using object selection and lasso mode.
Photoshop screenshot 2
Texture image positioned and clipped onto the garment.
Photoshop screenshot 3
Final result after applying Linear Burn to integrate the design.

Image sources:
Image 1 (young man with white shirt): AI-generated image created with ChatGPT using a hyper-realistic prompt.
Image 2: https://share.google/LhJSqjTlQgzAHayTo

4. Vector Design

In this section, I explored vector workflows using Inkscape and Adobe Illustrator. Both tools were used to transform raster images into scalable vector graphics.

4.1 Inkscape

In this exercise, I used Inkscape to vectorize a raster image and compare different tracing results before preparing a contour-oriented version.

Workflow

  1. Importing the image: I imported the original raster image into Inkscape.
  2. First vectorization: I used Trace Bitmap with a black threshold result. The parameters were brightness threshold = 0.7 and smoothing = 1.
  3. Second vectorization: I repeated the process in black and white mode, obtaining more visible details.
  4. Contour preparation: Finally, I adjusted the image to show a white fill and black contour.
Inkscape screenshot 1
Bitmap trace result using threshold-based vectorization.
Inkscape screenshot 2
Contour-oriented result with white fill and black stroke.

Image source:
Institutional image obtained from the UPS collaborator repository.

4.2 Adobe Illustrator

In this exercise, I used Adobe Illustrator to vectorize a raster image with Image Trace, refine the result, and create a mirrored composition.

Workflow

  1. Importing the image: I placed the raster image in the Illustrator workspace.
  2. Image trace: I first applied the default Image Trace result.
  3. Changing properties: In the properties panel, I changed the preset to Low Fidelity Photo.
  4. Expanding the result: I expanded the trace to convert it into editable vector shapes.
  5. Ungrouping and cleanup: I ungrouped the result and deleted the unnecessary regions.
  6. Smoothing the contours: I used the smooth tool to improve edge quality.
  7. Creating symmetry: I duplicated the image and mirrored one copy to face the other.
Illustrator screenshot 1
Initial vectorization using Image Trace.
Illustrator screenshot 2
Expanded and cleaned vector geometry.
Illustrator screenshot 3
Final mirrored composition after smoothing and cleanup.

Image source:
https://share.google/S6xfog6F2lsn4DVd5

5. 3D Design

In this section, I explored 3D modeling using Autodesk Inventor and SolidWorks, focusing on sketching, solid creation, and assemblies.

5.1 Autodesk Inventor

In this exercise, I used Autodesk Inventor to design a 3D train model, directly related to my final project concept.

Workflow

  1. Sketch creation: I started with a sketch using rectangles, circles, lines, and curves.
  2. Geometry modification: I refined the sketch using trim, mirror, loft, symmetry, copy, and move.
  3. Creating 3D volumes: I used Extrude from the beginning to generate the main volumes.
  4. Importing external geometry: I imported a DXF file through the CAD import option.
  5. Additional extrusions: I continued applying extrusion to complete the model.
Inventor screenshot 1
Initial sketch stage in Autodesk Inventor.
Inventor screenshot 2
Geometry refinement and sketch modification tools.
Inventor screenshot 3
Early 3D volume generation using extrusion.
Inventor screenshot 4
Advanced modeling development.
Inventor screenshot 5
Final train model in Autodesk Inventor.

5.2 SolidWorks

In this exercise, I used SolidWorks to create two parts and then assemble them into a complete system.

Workflow

  1. Sketch creation: I used circles, arcs, rectangles, and construction lines.
  2. Sketch refinement: I applied mirror, move, trim, and symmetry.
  3. Solid creation: I used positive extrusion and negative extrusion to add and remove material.
  4. Part generation: I created two separate part files.
  5. Assembly: Finally, I created an assembly to show how the parts fit together.
SolidWorks screenshot 1
Initial sketch creation in SolidWorks.
SolidWorks screenshot 2
Refined geometry using construction and mirror tools.
SolidWorks screenshot 3
Solid modeling with positive and negative extrusion.
SolidWorks screenshot 4
Final assembly of the designed parts.

6. AI-Assisted Design

In this section, I explored AI image generation as a tool for visual ideation and concept development.

6.1 DALL·E

I used DALL·E to create hyper-realistic concept images of a wooden toy train placed in a warm educational environment.

Prompt used

A hyper-realistic scene of a wooden toy train with a modular wooden track placed at the center of a cozy, modern children's playroom. The train and tracks are made of natural light wood with visible grain, smooth CNC-like finishes, and subtle handcrafted details. The train includes a small locomotive and simple wooden wagons.
In the background, there are wooden educational toys inspired by Montessori and Waldorf styles, including a Pikler triangle, a wooden climbing arch, and a geodesic wooden dome. These elements feature soft pastel colors, arranged in a gentle rainbow gradient.
The train track forms a small loop on a clean wooden floor, positioned as the focal point of the composition. The environment is minimal, warm, and inviting, with natural soft lighting coming from a window, creating realistic shadows and highlights.
The scene should feel like a high-end product photography mixed with lifestyle interior design, with a Scandinavian aesthetic. Ultra-detailed textures, realistic wood imperfections, soft depth of field, 50mm lens, cinematic composition, 8k resolution, no visible electronics, clean and harmonious composition.
DALL-E image 1
First wooden train concept generated with DALL·E.
DALL-E image 2
Refined environmental concept with warm and minimal aesthetics.

6.2 ChatGPT Image Generation

I also used ChatGPT image generation to create a hyper-realistic modular wooden robot with subtle electronic details.

Prompt used

A hyper-realistic wooden modular toy robot designed for assembly, placed in a warm and cozy children's playroom. The robot is made primarily of natural light wood, with visible grain, smooth CNC-like finishes, and precise handcrafted joints. The design is playful yet engineered, with articulated parts that suggest it can be assembled and disassembled. Subtle electronic elements are integrated into the design, such as small embedded LEDs, minimal circuit details, and tiny connectors, carefully exposed in certain areas without breaking the clean wooden aesthetic. The electronics should look intentional and well-integrated, not messy or overly visible. The environment is a soft, pastel-toned playroom inspired by Montessori and Waldorf styles, with warm neutral colors, wooden furniture, and gentle natural lighting. The robot is placed at the center as the main focus, sitting on a clean wooden floor or table. Soft shadows, shallow depth of field, cinematic composition, 50mm lens, ultra-detailed textures, realistic wood imperfections, soft reflections, Scandinavian design aesthetic, 8k resolution, product photography style, highly realistic, clean and harmonious scene.
ChatGPT image 1
First modular wooden robot concept generated with ChatGPT.
ChatGPT image 2
Refined concept with visible assembly logic and subtle electronics.

7. Video Editing

7.1 Adobe Premiere Pro

In this exercise, I used Adobe Premiere Pro to create a short video composition using images, effects, transitions, and text.

Workflow

  1. Importing images: I imported the image files into the project.
  2. Creating the sequence: I placed the images on the timeline in the desired order.
  3. Adding effects: I applied effects to each image to make the sequence more dynamic.
  4. Reducing timing: I shortened the duration between images.
  5. Adding text: I inserted text, changed the font, increased its size, and moved it to a suitable area at the beginning.
  6. Exporting the final video: I exported the composition as an MP4 video.
Premiere screenshot 1
Imported images and first timeline arrangement.
Premiere screenshot 2
Effects and timing adjustments applied to the sequence.
Premiere screenshot 3
Text editing and export process in Premiere Pro.

8. Compression / Appearance Optimization

In this exercise, I adjusted the visual integration of a label or design on top of an image to make it look more realistic. The main goal was to reduce the overly strong visual effect and blend the design more naturally with the original surface.

Workflow

  1. Changing the layer mode: I selected the design layer and tested different blending modes. I tried Multiply first, then Soft Light, and finally Overlay. Multiply gave the most realistic result for this case.
  2. Reducing opacity: I lowered the opacity of the design layer to 70% to reduce the strong and artificial appearance.
  3. Adjusting brightness and contrast: With the design layer selected, I adjusted the brightness and contrast to better match the original image. I reduced brightness slightly and increased contrast a little to improve integration.
Compression and appearance optimization screenshot
Layer blending and appearance optimization process for a more realistic result.

9. Comparative Summary

The following table summarizes the software explored this week and the role of each tool within my digital design workflow.

Category Software Main strength Use in this assignment Main output
Raster GIMP Layer-based editing and masking Image composition using selection and multiply blending XCF / PNG
Raster Photoshop Precise object editing and clipping workflows Texture integration on a garment using clipping mask and blend mode PSD / PNG
Vector Inkscape Open-source bitmap tracing Image vectorization and contour preparation SVG
Vector Illustrator Flexible vector refinement tools Image trace, cleanup, smoothing, and symmetry composition AI / SVG
3D Inventor Mechanical 3D modeling Train modeling with sketch, DXF import, and extrusion IPT
3D SolidWorks Part and assembly workflow Part design and final assembly composition SLDPRT / SLDASM
AI DALL·E Fast visual ideation from text prompts Wooden train environmental concept generation PNG
AI ChatGPT Prompt-driven concept generation Wooden modular robot concept generation PNG
Video Premiere Pro Timeline-based editing and presentation Image sequence video with text and effects MP4 / PRPROJ
Compression Photoshop Visual blending and appearance control Adjusting blend mode, opacity, brightness, and contrast PNG / JPG

10. Conclusions