Input Devices

About this week

This week, we explored input devices and learned how to integrate them with a microcontroller. We worked on sensors as input devices and successfully integrated them into our microntroller.

To verify the sensor’s functionality, we monitored its data through the serial monitor and analyzed real-time readings. Additionally, we visualized the data using graphical representations, which helped us better understand the sensor's behavior and fluctuations over time.

Through this process, we gained hands-on experience in sensor interfacing, data acquisition, and visualization techniques.

Heroshot of the Assignment

Objctive of the Assignment

1.Group Assignment -

probe an input device's analog levels and digital signals

2. Indivisual Assignment -

measure something: add a sensor to a microcontroller board that you have designed and read it

What is Input Device ?

Input devices can include various sensors such as ultrasonic, temperature, LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), motion, color detection, touch, and magnetic sensors. When these sensors are connected to a microcontroller, they collect data from the environment and provide it to the microcontroller. This is why they are classified as input devices.

Type of Senors

Environmental Sensors

1. Temperature Sensor
2. Humidity Sensor
3. Pressure Sensor
4. Gas Sensor
5. Rain Sensor

Optical Sensors

1. Light Sensor
2. IR Sensor
3. Ultrasonic Sensor
4. Color Sensor

Motion & Proximity Sensors

1. PIR Sensor
2. Accelerometer
3. Gyroscope
4. Magnetic Sensor
5. Proximity Sensor

Touch & Force Sensors

1. Capacitive Touch Sensor
2. Resistive Touch Sensor
3. Force Sensor

Sound & Vibration Sensors

1. Microphone Sensor
2. Vibration Sensor

Position & Displacement Sensors

1. Rotary Encoder
2. Potentiometer
3. Linear Displacement Sensor

Based on Output Type

1. Analog Sensors -Multiple sensors comes into this category.
2. Digital Sensors -Multiple sensors comes into this category.

Based on Application

1. Biomedical Sensors - Multiple sensors comes into this category.
2.Automobile Sensors - Multiple sensors comes into this category.
3.Industrial Sensors -Multiple sensors comes into this category.

Website Reference here

Sensors

A sensor is an electronic device that detects changes from Environment, such as temperature, light, motion, and ound, and converts them into electrical signals. These signals are then processed and used in various applications, including machines, electronic devices, and automated systems.

Reference Photo

Click here to visit our group assignment.

Individual Assignment

measure something: add a sensor to a microcontroller board that you have designed and read it

Designing a PCB for input device in KiCad.

PCB - Module Xiao esp32s3

Creating the schematic design of the PCB.	Tracing, edge cutting, and other such as component placement, routing, via optimization, and layer management.

Checking the design rules and updating accordingly.	The PCB design is finally complete, and here is the 3D view.

To see the entire process for designing, go through this assignments.

Assignment 6

PCB Milling With SRM20

Gravity leveling of the bit.	Milling the PCB

Completed Milling	Removeing PCB

Completed final PCB cutting.	Components Soldering on the PCB

To see the entire process for Milling PCB, tool path generate, go through this assignments.

Assignment 8

Components Used

1.XAO ESP32-S3 Module

2. SMD LED (Surface Mount Device LED)

3. Pin Header (1x3)

5. Pin Header (1x4)

6. 000Ω Resistor

7. R499Ω Resistor

Input Device

IR Sensor	Sound Detection Sensor

IR Sensor

IR Sensor- An IR sensor is an electronic sensor that uses infrared rays to detect the presence, distance, or movement of an object

There are two type of IR sensor is-

Active IR Sensor

Passive IR Sensor

Uses of IR Sensor

Motion detection

remote control systems

robotics

Temperature Sensing

Automation systems and more

Pinout of IR Sensor

GND (Ground)- Connect to Ground(GND)

VCC(Power) - Connect to 5V

Out Pin- Connect to digital pin

Sound Detection Sensor

Sound Detection Sensor is an electronic device that detects sound waves and converts them into electrical signals. It is commonly used in security systems, smart home automation, industrial monitoring, and robotics.

There are three type of Sound Detection Sensor is-

Microphone based Sensors

Piezoelectric Sensors

Ultrasonic Sensors

Uses of Sound Detection Sensor

Smart Home Automation

Robotics

Industrial Monitoring

Noise Level Monitoring

Pinout of Sound Detection Sensor

GND (Ground)- Connect to Ground(GND)

VCC(Power) - Connect to 5V

Out Pin- Connect to a digital pin

Programming for the sound detection sensor

Sensor connected with Microntroller	Coding with Arduino IDE

	>
Coding Done for uploading	Data showing on serial Monitor

Programming for the IR sensor

Sensor connected with Microntroller	Coding with Arduino IDE

	>
	Data showing on serial Monitor

To see the entire process of programming for sensor, go through this assignments.

Assignment 2

Original File Here

Sensor Code

IR Sensor Code here

sound detection sensor Code here

Kicad PCB design File in PNG formet

Trace File here

Edge Cut File here

Conclusion

This week, we learned about input devices and explored sensors like the sound detection sensor and VR sensor. We first connected these sensors to a microcontroller, then programmed them and uploaded the code to an Arduino. Once successfully programmed, the sensors started functioning correctly and provided real-time data.
Through this process, we gained a clear understanding of how to integrate input devices with a microcontroller. Additionally, I also created a custom sensor using trace technology within the microcontroller. Overall, this experience enhanced my knowledge of working with input devices and microcontroller integration.