Group 1:

- Hans Moncca

- Maryori Vasquez

SAMD11C MICROCONTROLLER

It is part of the SAM D11 family, it offers a balance between performance and energy efficiency. With its 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0+ architecture and speeds up to 48 MHz, it is ideal for a variety of embedded applications. Its numerous connectivity peripherals and GPIO ports make it perfect for embedded systems, wearable devices, and IoT projects that require low power consumption.

FEATURES

1. ARM Cortex-M0+ architecture: Offers a balance between performance and energy efficiency, suitable for low-power applications.

p>2. Speed up to 48 MHz: Allows fast data processing and operations.

3. Connectivity peripherals: Includes USB, UART, SPI and I2C to facilitate communication with other devices.

4. GPIO Ports: Provides flexibility for interfacing with sensors, actuators and other external devices.

5. Low power consumption: Ideal for applications that require long battery life, such as wearable devices and IoT systems.

6. Wide variety of applications: Suitable for embedded systems, wearable devices, device controllers and IoT projects.

DATA SHEET SAMD11C

Microcontroller: ARM Cortex-M0+ de 32 bits

Memory: You can have up to 16 KB of built-in flash memory for program storage and 4 KB of SRAM memory for temporary data storage during program execution.

Compatibility: Compatible with a variety of programming languages, including C and C++, this microcontroller offers flexibility for developers of different experience levels.

Communication interfaces: UART; SPI; I2C and USB

Power: 1.62 V a 3.63 V.

COMPARISON WITH OTHER ARCHITECTURES

PERFORMANCE AND ARCHITECTURE: The SAMD11C and Xiao RP2040 have 32-bit architectures (ARM Cortex-M0+ and ARM Cortex-M0+ respectively), giving them solid performance for a variety of applications. The Attiny412, in contrast, is an 8-bit AVR microcontroller, which means it may be more limited in performance compared to the other two in certain compute-intensive tasks.

MEMORY AND STORAGE: The SAMD11C and Xiao RP2040 offer larger memory and storage options compared to the Attiny412. For example, both can have more flash memory and SRAM available, making them better suited for applications that require larger data storage and handling.

PERIPHERALS AND CONECTIVITY: Both the SAMD11C and Xiao RP2040 offer a wide range of peripherals and connectivity options, such as USB, UART, SPI and I2C, making them more versatile in terms of communicating with other devices. The Attiny412 also offers some connectivity and peripheral options, but they may be more limited compared to the other two.

CONCLUSION

The SAMD11C microcontroller stands out primarily for its versatility and efficiency, making it a valuable choice in a variety of embedded applications. Its 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0+ architecture provides solid performance and optimized power consumption, making it ideal for wearable devices, IoT systems, and control devices. Thanks to its multiple communication interfaces and integrated peripherals, the SAMD11C makes it easy to connect to a wide range of external devices, expanding its usefulness in applications such as medical devices, consumer electronics, home automation and more. In summary, the combination of its performance, energy efficiency and connectivity capacity makes it a crucial option for the design of modern and efficient embedded systems.

COMPARISON BETWEEN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

Silvana Espinoza Maryori Vásquez

Mbed OS and Arduino IDE: Programming the MAX32625PICO

This comparison includes aspects such as speed, ease of use, development environments, and other important factors.

Comparative Table of Programming Languages: Arduino IDE vs Mbed OS

Aspect	Arduino IDE	Mbed OS
Development Speed	Quick for simple prototypes	Quick for complex projects with libraries
Ease of Use	Very easy for beginners	Easy for intermediate users
Development Environment	Arduino IDE (simplified, many libraries)	Mbed Studio, Mbed Online Compiler, Mbed CLI
Initial Setup	Very simple, plug-and-play	Requires initial configuration, more steps
Library Support	Extensive community library support	Extensive, optimized, and secure library support
Debugging	Basic (serial debugging)	Advanced (hardware-level debugging, integrated IDEs)
Supported Platforms	Various boards and microcontrollers	Mainly ARM microcontrollers
Code Uploading	Very simple, uploads via USB port	May require additional tools, but supports USB, JTAG, SWD
Community and Support	Huge community, lots of support	Strong support from ARM and partners, good documentation
Flexibility and Scalability	Suitable for small to medium projects	Excellent for projects of any scale
Memory and Resource Management	Manual, often less efficient	Automated and efficient
OTA Updates	Limited, requires custom setup	Well supported, especially on ARM platforms
License	Free (open-source)	Free (open-source), with licensed components
Tool Ecosystem	Limited to Arduino and some external tools	Extensive, with integration to ARM and third-party tools

Additional Details

Development Speed:

Arduino IDE: Ideal for quick projects and simple prototypes. The simplicity of its environment and the wide availability of examples and libraries make initial development very fast.
development very fast. Mbed OS: Allows for rapid development but is more suited for complex projects that require precise control and optimization. Initial setup can be slower due to the need to configure the environment.

Ease of Use:

Arduino IDE: Very beginner-friendly, with a smooth learning curve/li>
Mbed OS: Requires intermediate knowledge of programming and development environments. The documentation is excellent and detailed, making it easier for more advanced users to learn.

Development Environment:

Arduino IDE: A simplified environment that provides the basic tools needed for programming and code uploading.
Mbed OS: Offers multiple development options, such as Mbed Studio (full IDE), Mbed Online Compiler (online compiler), and Mbed CLI (command-line tools).

Code Uploading:

Arduino IDE: Code uploading is straightforward through the USB port, simplifying the programming process.
Mbed OS: May require additional tools for code uploading but offers support for multiple programming interfaces, including JTAG and SWD.

Debugging

Arduino IDE: Mainly serial debugging, suitable for basic debugging.
Mbed OS: Supports advanced debugging with hardware-level access, allowing for deeper inspection of code and hardware behavior.

Memory and Resource Management:

Arduino IDE: Memory management is manual and can be less efficient, depending on the programmer's skills.
Mbed OS: Offers automated and efficient resource management, optimized for low-power and high-performance applications.

Conclusion

The choice between Arduino IDE and Mbed OS for programming the MAX32625PICO depends on the user's experience level and the project's complexity: Arduino IDE is ideal for beginners and quick or simple projects. Mbed OS is more suitable for users with intermediate to advanced experience and for more complex projects that require precise control and optimization. Both environments have their strengths and are widely used in the microcontroller development community.

Comparative Table: XIAO RP2040 vs MAX32625PICO

Aspect	XIAO RP2040	MAX32625PICO
Processor	Dual-core Arm Cortex-M0+ @ 133MHz	Arm Cortex-M4 @ 96MHz
Flash Memory	2MB	512KB
RAM	264KB	160KB
GPIO Pins	11	34
ADC Channels	4	8
Interfaces	UART, I2C, SPI	UART, I2C, SPI, USB, CAN
USB	Micro USB	Micro USB
Operating Voltage	3.3V	3.3V
Power Consumption	Low	Ultra-Low
Size	21 x 17.5 mm	25 x 7.6 mm
Programming Languages	MicroPython, C/C++ (Arduino)	C/C++ (Mbed)
Development Environment	Arduino IDE, Thonny, VS Code	Mbed Studio, Mbed Online Compiler
Price	Low	Moderate

 
/* mbed Microcontroller Library
 * Copyright (c) 2019 ARM Limited
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 */


#include "mbed.h"




// Blinking rate in milliseconds
#define BLINKING_RATE     500ms




int main()
{
    // Initialise the digital pin LED1 as an output
#ifdef LED1
    DigitalOut led(LED1);
#else
    bool led;
#endif


    while (true) {
        led = !led;
        ThisThread::sleep_for(BLINKING_RATE);
    }
}

Tutorial

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlJ3JALnJ2c

The step by step

We explore to program in Arduino IDE.

First we copy the links that we found in a repository to be able to work with this Max32625pico microcontroller

Here we were downloading it

we located it

The step by step

and then download the ZIP

guess!
It didn't work, we couldn't locate the board, we took an hour until we investigated and saw that it could be done with mbed.

Here with mbed we have to download the program, maryori and I start downloading it

we install mbed studio
We see how it is being installed

We wait, the good thing is that it didn't take long to download it, it was fast.

Here Maryori already created an account to be able to enter Mbed, interesting that the platform is very similar to visual studio code,

Here it was intuitive to be able to select the board when we connect it it appears

We saw the programs that it has loaded and we programmed to turn on an internal LED that the board has, here in these two photos you can see the step by step

Doing connection tests everything worked very well and turned on, we were very happy

max32625pico.pdf

Group 2:

- Maria Angela Mejia

- Renson Samaniego

- Wilber Giron

XIAO ESP32-C3

For this group task, we decided to work on a collaborative file in which we would compare various microcontrollers and their characteristics.

Features

1. Architecture: It uses a 32-bit architecture

2. Clock frecuency: It has a clock frecuency up to 160MHz

3. Flash memory: It has a flash memory of 4MB

4. RAM memory: It has a RAM memory of 400KB

5. Communication interfaces: I2C, UART, SPI

6. Integrated peripherals: I2C, UART, SPI

7. Power consumption: 3.3V, 5V

8. Development tools: Arduino IDE, PlatformIO, Espressif IDF, MicroPython IDE, Thonny IDE, Visual Studio Code, Espruino Web IDE

9. Compatibility with boards: EPaper Breakout Board, Seeed Studio CAN Bus Breakout Board, Seeed Studio XIAO Expansion Board, BeagleBone Series, Odyssey series, Quantum Development Board, Raspberry Pi series

Conclusions

1. Architecture: Greater capacity (32bits) = SAMD11C, XIAO RP 2040 and XIAO ESP 32-C3

2. Clock frecuency: Higher clock frecuency = XIAO RP2040 and ESP32-C3

3. Flash memory: Greater data transfer = XIAO RP2040 and ESP32-C3

4. RAM memory: Greater memory = XIAO RP2040 and ESP32-C3

5. Communication interfaces: The most versatile serial communication protocols belong to the XIAO ESP32-C3

6. Integrated peripherals: The most versatile integrated communication protocols belong to the XIAO ESP32-C3

7. Power consumption: SAMD11C has the lowest energy consumption, which implies a greater shelf life. All other microcontrollers studied consume from 3.3V to 5V (except for the Atiny412 consumed from 3V). Energy consumption will depend on its use

8. Development tools: Microcontrollers who use free languages are XIAO RP2040 and ESP32-C3

9. Compatibility with boards: Microcontrollers are compatible with various boards. The choice will depend on its use

Working with my Fab Academy colleagues in a collaborative way was very interesting. Each one researched about different microcontrollers and we shared our findings and discuss about them for learning about various architectures.

Group 3:

- Ronal Vilca Apolin

- Franco Yactayo

During this week 6 of group work, we met with the Fablab Perú team, based in Lima, while I participated from Huánuco. Our objective was to conduct discussions and comparisons on the microcontrollers selected for our study. Each of us dedicated ourselves to the detailed analysis of a specific microcontroller, in my case I was talking about the Attiny1624 AVR, then presenting our findings to our classmates.

Step 1: Explore the ATTINY1624 microcontroller datasheet

The following images show examples of bridging and angle printed with PLA material using the 3D printer I built.

ATTINY1624

I decided to study this microcontroller from the AVR family because, despite its very small size, it offers a wide range of features. I plan to deepen its knowledge by consulting its data sheet and exploring its various functionalities in greater detail.

14 pin package.
Two internal clocks 16 and 20 MHz.
16 KB Flash Memory.
256 B EEPROM.
2 KB SRAM.
Maximum voltage: 6V; minimum voltage -0.5 V.
Accurate analog features such as a 12-bit differential ADC with Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA).

VDD: Supply voltage.
GND: Ground.
Digital pins: Port A: PA0, PA1, PA2, PA3, PA4, PA5, PA6, PA7. Port B: PB0, PB1, PB2, PB3.
Analog pins: PA1, PA2, PA3, PA4, PA5, PA6, PA7. Port B: PB0, PB1.
UPDI Programming pin: PA0 (physical pin number 10).
External Clock Pin: PA3.

USART - Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter: It has the RX (PB2 or PA2) and the TX (PB3 or PA1).
SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface: It has only MOSI (PA1), MISO (PA2), SCK (PA3), SS (PA4).
TWI - Two Wire Interface (I2C): It has SDA (PB1 or PA1) and SCL (PB0 or PA2).

Step 2: Compare performance and development workflows for other architectures

1. Other architectures to compare:

For a comprehensive comparison, we chose ATTINY412, SAMD11C, XIAO RP2040 and XIAO ESP32-C3 microcontrollers.

2. Analyze the specifications and features:

Comparing with the ATTINY412, we notice that they share the same 8-bit AVR architecture, but the ATTINY1624 has a larger Flash memory and a higher clock frequency.
When contrasting with the SAMD11C, we observe that the ATTINY1624 consumes less power but has less SRAM memory and I/O capabilities compared to the 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0+ architecture SAMD11C.
Regarding the XIAO RP2040 and XIAO ESP32-C3 microcontrollers, we note that they offer greater memory capacities and processing power, along with advanced connectivity features, but at the cost of potentially higher power consumption.

Group Assignment Conclusion

The experience I have had this week working as a team has been extraordinary. We have learned a lot thanks to our joint collaboration. Each of us dedicated ourselves to studying the data sheet of the assigned microcontroller and subsequently shared our conclusions about the advantages of these devices. This process allowed us to acquire knowledge quickly and efficiently. Without a doubt, teamwork has been key to this success.

Although I didn't have the opportunity to work directly with the Attiny1624, its potential for special applications is truly impressive. Likewise, the other microcontrollers I mentioned above are also very promising. In fact, I have already placed an order to purchase them and thus expand my personal inventory. I'm looking forward to putting everything we've learned into practice and exploring the functionalities detailed in their data sheets.

Group 4:

- Silvana Espinoza

- Jesús Lucero

ATTINY412

Browse through the data sheet for your microcontroller compare the performance and development workflows for other architectures
This week we were very united to do our homework for the week, I love my team.

they told us what we could investigate and with our classmates we organized ourselves to do the search and the structure of the microcontrollers and to be able to study their architecture and characteristics. We decided that each group could investigate a microcontroller and then be able to present it in a meeting so that everyone could understand all the possible microcontrollers

Datasheet Comparison for Diverse Architectures

we decided to work on a collaborative file in which we would compare various microcontrollers and their characteristics.

Architecture:The SAMD11C uses a 32-bit architecture, allowing it to handle data and execute instructions faster than 8- or 16-bit microcontrollers.
Clock frecuency:The SAMD11C has a clock frequency range of up to 48 MHz. This means it can operate at a clock speed of up to 48 million cycles per second.
Flash memory:The SAMD11C has flash memory of up to 16 KB. This means it can store up to 16,384 bytes of data or program instructions. Flash memory can be programmed using a microcontroller programmer or via a programming port built into the microcontroller
RAM memory:The SAMD11C has a RAM memory of up to 4 KB. This means that it can store up to 4,096 bytes of temporary or variable data while a program is running on the microcontroller.
Power consumption: "1.62 V a 3.63 V.
Compatibility with boards: SAM D11 Xplained Pro: Evaluation board with integrated peripherals. ATSAMD11-XPRO: Evaluation board with integrated peripherals. ATSAMD11G18A-XPRO: Evaluation board with integrated peripherals. ATSAMD11D14AM-XPRO: Evaluation board with integrated peripherals.

COMPARISON WITH OTHER ARCHITECTURES

CONCLUSION

Group 5:

- Grace Schwan

- Cristian Loayza

For this group task, we decided to work on a collaborative file in which we would compare various microcontrollers and their characteristics.

We were able to review information on 5 microcontrollers and make a comparison of their performance and general characteristics.

The controller that we study on this occasion is the XIAO RP2040

Here you can see and download the data sheet

Here you can see and download the Schematic

XIAO RP2040:

The Seeed Studio XIAO RP2040 is as small as the Seeed Studio XIAO SAMD21 but it's more powerful.

On one hand, it carries the powerful Dual-core RP2040 processor that can flexible clock running up to 133 MHz which is a low-power microcontrollers.

On the Seeed Studio XIAO RP2040 there is also 264KB of SRAM, and 2MB of on-board Flash memory which can provide more program to save and run.

Features:

Powerful MCU: Dual-core ARM Cortex M0+ processor, flexible clock running up to 133 MH

Rich on-chip resources: 264KB of SRAM, and 2MB of on-board Flash memory.

Flexible compatibility: Support Micropython/Arduino/CircuitPython.

Easy project operation: Breadboard-friendly & SMD design, no components on the back.

Small size: As small as a thumb(20x17.5mm) for wearable devices and small projects.

Multiple interfaces: 11 digital pins, 4 analog pins, 11 PWM Pins,1 I2C interface, 1 UART interface, 1 SPI interface, 1 SWD Bonding pad interface.

Specification:

Item	Value
CPU	Dual-core ARM Cortex M0+ processor up to 133MHz
Flash Memory	2MB
SRAM	264KB
Digital I/O Pins	11
Analog I/O Pins	4
PWM Pins	11
I2C interface	1
SPI interface	1
UART interface	1
Power supply and downloading interface	Type-C
Power	3.3V/5V DC
Dimensions	20×17.5×3.5mm

Comparison of the performance of Xiao RP2040, Xiao ESP32-C3, ATtiny412, SAMD11C and ATtiny1624 microcontrollers:

Feature / Specification	XIAO RP2040	XIAO ESP32-C3	ATTINY412	SAMD11C	ATTINY1624
Architecture	ARM Cortex-M0+	Xtensa LX6	AVR	ARM Cortex-M0+	AVR
Maximum Frequency	133 MHz	160 MHz	20 MHz	48 MHz	20 MHz
Flash Memory	2 MB	4 MB	8 KB	16 KB	16 KB
RAM	264 KB	400 KB	256 bytes	8 KB	2 KB
Communication Interfaces	UART, SPI, I2C, CAN	UART, SPI, I2C	UART, SPI, I2C	UART, SPI, I2C	UART, SPI, I2C
USB Interface	Yes	Yes	No	No	No

Comparison of the workflow of Xiao RP2040, Xiao ESP32-C3, ATtiny412, SAMD11C and ATtiny1624 microcontrollers

Feature	XIAO RP2040	XIAO ESP32-C3	ATTINY412	SAMD11C	ATTINY1624
Environment Setup	C/C++, Arduino, MicroPython, CircuitPython	C/C++, Arduino	C/C++, Arduino	C/C++, ASF	C/C++, Arduino

Conclusions:

Processing power: The RP2040 has significantly higher processing power compared to the ATtiny412, SAMD11C and ATtiny1624 microcontrollers. Its 133 MHz dual-core architecture gives it an advantage in terms of performance. However, the ESP32-C3 also offers respectable performance, although not as powerful as the RP2040.

WiFi and Bluetooth Connectivity: The ESP32-C3 excels with its built-in WiFi and Bluetooth capability, making it ideal for IoT applications that require wireless connectivity. In contrast, the RP2040 lacks these connectivity features, limiting its use in applications that rely on wireless communication.

Flexibility and peripherals: The RP2040 and SAMD11C offer a wide range of peripherals and a flexible architecture that makes them suitable for a variety of applications, from motor control to user interface. In comparison, ATtiny microcontrollers typically have fewer peripherals and are more limited in terms of flexibility.

Price and Availability: The RP2040 and ESP32-C3 are generally competitively priced compared to the other microcontrollers mentioned, but availability may vary depending on region and market demand. ATtiny microcontrollers are typically cheaper, but can also be harder to find in some cases.

Group assignment:

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

Group 1:

- Hans Moncca

- Maryori Vasquez

SAMD11C MICROCONTROLLER

FEATURES

DATA SHEET SAMD11C

COMPARISON WITH OTHER ARCHITECTURES

CONCLUSION

COMPARISON BETWEEN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

Mbed OS and Arduino IDE: Programming the MAX32625PICO

Comparative Table of Programming Languages: Arduino IDE vs Mbed OS

Additional Details

Conclusion

Comparative Table: XIAO RP2040 vs MAX32625PICO

Comparative Table: XIAO RP2040 vs MAX32625PICO

Tutorial

The step by step

The step by step

Group 2:

- Maria Angela Mejia

- Renson Samaniego

- Wilber Giron

XIAO ESP32-C3

Features

Conclusions

Group 3:

- Ronal Vilca Apolin

- Franco Yactayo

Step 1: Explore the ATTINY1624 microcontroller datasheet

ATTINY1624

Step 2: Compare performance and development workflows for other architectures

1. Other architectures to compare:

2. Analyze the specifications and features:

Group Assignment Conclusion

Group 4:

- Silvana Espinoza

- Jesús Lucero

ATTINY412

Datasheet Comparison for Diverse Architectures

COMPARISON WITH OTHER ARCHITECTURES

CONCLUSION

Group 5:

- Grace Schwan

- Cristian Loayza

XIAO RP2040:

Features:

Specification:

Comparison of the performance of Xiao RP2040, Xiao ESP32-C3, ATtiny412, SAMD11C and ATtiny1624 microcontrollers:

Comparison of the workflow of Xiao RP2040, Xiao ESP32-C3, ATtiny412, SAMD11C and ATtiny1624 microcontrollers

Conclusions: