Applications and implications
What will it do?
I want to develop a wearable Wild animal distraction system for the farmers working on the farm in late-night. This device consists of bright light with a strobing effect that can distract the wild animal. Also, the device consists of a speaker that can produce the Firecrackers sound in an emergency. Also, the device consists of a PIR motion sensor that can sense the wild animal motion tracking behind the person. And After detecting the live motion from the backside of the Farmer, the buzzer will trigger to notify the Farmer. So that Farmer can do work in the field by wearing this device.
Who's done what beforehand?
I searched online to see previous work done on this problem. Some researchers have worked on a system mounted on the farm to detect wild animals like elephants and monkeys who destroy the crop or livestock. They have used strobing light, Motion sensors with speakers. My project is focused on is on the safety of Farmer. By wearing this device, the device ensures safety, and the Farmer can do work in the field. I have referred to the safety jackets used for the soldiers and workers in the mining. The wearable device should be a safety jacket, have reduced cost and weight, and be easy to operate. No one did the work on the wearable device to distract wild animals.
Balaji B et al. Proposed an IoT-based warning system for the THREAT OF WILD ANIMALS. In this system, the authors recommended a PIR sensor for motion detection, and Speaker will produce the sound when a wild animal is detected. This system will be fixed on the farm. Ref.1
K. Mohana lakshmi et al. proposed a gsm technology microcontroller device for protecting agricultural crops from wild animals. The authors used the farm for its security. Virtual fencing functions similar to physical fencing for animals using GSM technology. Virtual fencing for wild animals is meant to restrict animals from moving in only a few areas. This facilitates the owners to monitor their farm remotely from anywhere in the world. Virtual fencing comprises Microcontroller-based monitoring along with IR (Infrared) sensors. When an unauthorized entry is detected, it sends SMS alerts/calls to the farm/field owner. It provides audible alerts using the prototype's buzzer and a siren in real-time applications. This helps us keep such wild animals away from the farmlands and provides surveillance functionality. Ref.2
Mr. Ayan and his friends have developed a solar-powered autonomous flashing system to distract wild animals like Gava, Elephant, and Leopard that blinks in various patterns during the night and gets charged during the day. The device has a USB plug for charging in case of rainfall. This system needs to install on the farm.Ref. 3
I found on the Amazon device that this system needs to be installed on the farm. This repellent system consists of an ultrasonic sensor to detect the animals. This system uses a strobe light and produces sound to distract the wild animal. Ref. 4
What will you design?
I will design the Electronic wearable device with a battery with a light on the user's head, front, and backside. It should be easy to operate. I will design the controller for this device which connects I/O devices that give me the strobing light effect, generate sound, and since the live motion of the live objects. I will design the enclosure for the Speaker, sensor microcontroller, and LEDs.
What materials and components will be used?
I will use the stretchable Reflective Safety jackets of runners and cyclists for the wearable device. Also, use the Strecable belt for the headlight support and stitch to the reflective safety belt. The casing of the microcontroller, Speaker, sensor, and Headlight will be made with 3D printing.
Where will come from?
Generic PLA filament for 3d printing. Safety jacket and reflective belt from the local market. Sensor, MP3 Decoding board, LI-PO battery from the local market ICs, Resistors, Capacitors, and Other electronics components are available in the lab.
How much will they cost?
The total cost of the project is around Rs. 2000. (25 US Dollars)
Bill of materials for current setup:
| Bill of Material | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Components | Specification | Quantity | Unit price | Cost (in Rupees) | References |
| ESP32 WROOM IC | Bluetooth, WiFi Transceiver Module 2.4GHz ~ 2.5GHz Surface Mount | 1 | 328 | 328 | Ref.1 |
| RESISTOR | RES SMD 100K OHM 1% 0.15W 2512 | 4 | 7.5 | 30 | Ref.2 |
| CAPACITOR | 1 µF ±20% | 2 | 8 | 16 | Ref.3 |
| CAPACITOR | 10 µF ±20% | 4 | 9.5 | 38 | Ref.4 |
| CAPACITOR | 0.1 µF ±20% | 1 | 7.5 | 7.5 | Ref.5 |
| HEADER PINS | 1x20 2.54mm Pitch (Right Angle) Male Header Berg Strip | 1 | 15 | 15 | Ref.6 |
| PUSH BUTTON | SWITCH TACTILE SPST-NO 50MA 12V | 1 | 16 | 16 | Ref.7 |
| SLIDE SWITCH | SWITCH SLIDE SPDT 100MA 12V | 1 | 87 | 87 | Ref.8 |
| VOLTAGE REGULATOR | IC REG LINEAR 3.3V 1A SOT223 | 1 | 31 | 31 | Ref.9 |
| VOLTAGE REGULATOR | IC REG LINEAR 5V 1A SOT22 | 1 | 55 | 55 | Ref.11 |
| MOSFET | FQD13N06LTM MOSFET N-CH 60V 11A DPAK | 2 | 53 | 106 | Ref.12 |
| LED | RED SML-LX1206IC-TR | 3 | 30 | 90 | Ref.13 |
| DOME LED | 1W LED White Light Bulb | 15 | 4 | 60 | Ref.14 |
| LED | VLCS5830, LED, Red, Through Hole, 5mm, 50 mA, 2.2 V, 624 nm | 4 | 40 | 160 | Ref.15 |
| MP3 DECODING BOARD | Non-Destructive MP3 Decoding Board with Self-Powered TF Card U Disk Decoded Player Module | 1 | 140 | 140 | Ref.16 |
| SAFETY JACKET | DTC Safe High Visibility Protective Safety Reflective Vest Belt Jacket | 2 | 191 | 382 | Ref.17 |
| SPEAKER | 4OHM 4 WATT | 1 | 90 | 90 | Ref.18 |
| PIR SENSOR | Winsen ZRD-09 PIR Sensor Module For Human Body Induction | 1 | 150 | 150 | Ref.19 |
| Miscellaneous | Miscellaneous | - | 200 | 200 | Ref.19 |
| TOTAL | Rs. 2000 | ~=25(US $) | |||
What parts and systems will be made?
The wearable device will be made using safety jackets used by runners and Cyclists. The safety jacket will be purchased from the market, and some portion of the headlight and sensor attachment will be stitched. The Microcontroller board and Mosfet will be manufactured and soldered in the lab. Casings will be 3d printed. LEDs, Motion Sensor, MP3 Breakout board, Buzzer, and Speaker will be purchased from the local market. All the parts will bwe configured as per the controller board design. Then all the parts will be integrated with the safety jacket.
What processes will be used?
3d printing: For the Casing of the Microcontroller board, Speaker, Sensor, and Headlight . Laser-cut: For the Fabric cutting to woven Led into it. Sewing: Safet jacket Sewing. . Milling machine: PCB of the Main controller, LED, and Mosfet.
| Processes used in Final Project | ||
|---|---|---|
| Processes | Details | |
| Computer Aided Design | Tools: Solidworks Software -Design of Project prototype, casings for controller board,Speaker and Sensor. | |
| Computer Controlled Cutting | Software Tool- Laser Cad, Machine used: SIL Laser cutter-Laser Cutting of fabric for LED stitching | |
| Electronics Production | Tool: Mods Project, Machine : SRM 20-PCB Milling of Main board, Mosfet board and LED board | |
| Electronics Design | Tool: Eagle PCB Design of Main Project board, Mosfet and Headlight LED board | |
| 3D Scanning and Printing | Tool- Prusa Slicer-3D Printing of the Casings of Main microcontroller Board, Sensor and Speaker. | |
| Embedded Programming | Tool: Arduino IDE-Programming of Project PCB board using Arduino IDE. | |
| Input Devices | Motion Sensor to detect motion of Wild animals and and Emergency switch to start Speaker with Firecracker sound and Strobing Light Effect. | |
| Output Devices | LED light for the Night visibility and Strobing light effect to distract Wild Animal and Speaker to produce firecracker sound. | |
What questions need to be answered?
Does the programming of the inputs make the outputs work correctly? Whether Strobing lights and firecracker sounds start as soon as the emergency button is pressed? Whether motion sensor detects the wild animal's motion before it attacks? Does Farmer/user use it at night for work on the farm?
How will it be evaluated?
The evaluation will be by spirals, starting with the design of the PCB board with the correct functioning of Sensors and the actuators. Evaluating the effect of strobing lights and firecrackers sound on wild animals is challenging. Still, these added extra safety to the Farmer while working on the farm at night. And he can work without fear of attack. The device's user-friendliness with its functionality and ease of use will make users wear it.
