Week 4

FIRST, what do you mean by Embedded Programming?
What is a microcontroller and a processor?

I did have experience once (5 years ago), programming a car with sensors. However I did it in a basic course with arduino where we just got to understand the programming codes.

What is Embedded Programming?

As always I had to make my own graphic to understand the steps. I got to understand embedded programming reffers to programming systems that are not computers but what its inside. And there are embedded systems to programm to make certain things. And it has components in which you have microcontrollers.

The microcontrollers work with a processor inside. I got to test the XIAO ESP32-C3. This is a development board made by Seeedstudio based in the ESP32-C3 microprocessor and works with Arduino with the language C++.

XIAO ESP32 -C3 d a t a s h e e t

To start the programming, we had to search the datasheet of the microcontroller we want to use, to understand how many ports and which are analog and digital. In this case the Seeedspeed Datasheet helped me to understand how many pins can connect to analog and digital. Uderstanding analog means variable results while digital 1 or 0.

Then I also shearched for the Seedstudio data sheet whereI culd understand easier what pin works for what.

Seedstudio XIAO ESP32-C3 Data Sheet

w r i t t i n g a program for the XIAO ESP32-C3

First, my instructors gave us an intro in programming while making a simulation in Wokwi.

Some important notes I took:

Start with definition. It is important to tell in which pin you will be working and don't forget that numers and capital letters do matter.

High is for ON and low for OFF

Serial communication is optional to see the variables

The protoboard works in two parts. The center in which the continuity is vertical. And the borders where the continuity is horizontal.

Then they gave us two boards to work with. One digital and one analog.
To first try and understand the programming.

Simulating and testing

TASK 1: Turn on the led and by 1 second turn off.

WOKWI Simulation

const int LED1 = D02 // PIN where is the LED
void setup() {
  pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
  digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH); // Turn on LED
  delay(1000); // wait 1 second  
  digitalWrite(LED1, LOW); // Turn off LED
  delay(1000); // wait 1 second  
}

TASK 2: Turn off the led by a button. (It was the opposite but i wanted to try)

WOKWI Simulation

const int LED1 = D0;
const int BOTON2 =  D1;
void setup() {
  pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(BOTON2, INPUT);  
}
void loop() {
  int buttonState = digitalRead(BOTON2); // Read button state
  if (buttonState == HIGH) { // if pressing the button
    digitalWrite(LED1, LOW); // turns off LED
  } else { // if not
    (LED1, HIGH); // turns on  LED
  }	
}

TASK 3: Turn on and off by 1 second 3 leds.

WOKWI Simulation

Task 2 video

const int LED1 = D0;
const int LED2 = D1;
const int LED3 = D2;

void setup() {
  pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(LED3, OUTPUT); 
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH); // turns on LED 1
  delay(1000); // wait 1 sec
  digitalWrite(LED1, LOW); // turns off LED 1

  digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH); // turns on LED 2
  delay(1000); // wait 1 sec
  digitalWrite(LED2, LOW); // turns off LED 2

  digitalWrite(LED3, HIGH); // turns on el LED 3
  delay(1000); // wait 1 sec
  digitalWrite(LED3, LOW); // Aturns off LED 3
}

 const int sensorPin = A0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);   // Initialize serial communication to see data on the serial monitor
}

void loop() {
  int sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin); // Read the analog value from the light sensor
  
  float voltage = sensorValue * (3.3 / 4095.0);  // Convert the analog value to voltage (range is 0 to 3.3V)
  
  Serial.print("Sensor Value: ");
  Serial.print(sensorValue);
  Serial.print("\tVoltage

Sensor iteraction with light.

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