Git

Work Process Detail

• Git Tutorial

How to Download and Install Git Bash

Git Bash is a command-line tool for Windows that allows you to use Git commands and Linux-like features. Follow these steps to download and install Git Bash:

• 1. Download Git

  

  1. Go to the official Git website: git-scm.com.

  2. Click on the Download button. The site will automatically detect your operating system (Windows, macOS, or Linux).

• 2. Install Git on Windows

  1. Once the file is downloaded, locate it (e.g., Git-x.x.x-x64.exe) and double-click to open the installer.

  2. Follow the installation wizard steps:
     • Select Destination Location: Choose where to install Git or leave it as the default.
     • Select Components: Ensure "Git Bash Here" and "Git GUI Here" are selected.
     • Default Editor: Choose an editor for Git (e.g., VSCode or Nano).
     • Adjust PATH Environment: Select "Use Git from the command line and also from third-party software" (recommended).
     • HTTPS Settings: Leave the default option (Use OpenSSL).
     • Line Ending Conversions: Use the default option ("Checkout Windows-style, commit Unix-style line endings").
     • Terminal Emulator: Select "Use MinTTY" (default terminal for Git Bash).
     • Continue with the default options for the remaining steps unless you need custom configurations.

  3. Click Install and wait for the installation to complete.

• 3. Launch Git Bash

  1. After the installation is complete, click Finish.

  2. Open Git Bash:
     • Use the Start Menu to search for "Git Bash."
     • Alternatively, right-click anywhere on your desktop or in a folder, and select "Git Bash Here."

• 4. Verify Installation

  1. Open Git Bash and type:
     
     This will display the installed Git version, confirming a successful installation.
     

     git --version
     

Setting Up Git

Configure Git for the First Time:

1. Set your name:

   git config --global user.name "Your Name"
   

2. Set your email:

   git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"
   

3. Configure a default editor (e.g., VSCode):

   git config --global core.editor "code --wait"
   

4. Enable line endings for compatibility:

   git config --global core.autocrlf true
   

Check Git Configuration:

• View Git settings:

  git config --list
  

• For help:

  git --help
  git -h
  

Basic Git Commands and Workflow

Initialize a Repository

1. Create and navigate to a directory:

   mkdir project_name
   cd project_name
   

2. Initialize Git in the directory:

   git init
   

Workflow Steps

1. Edit files as needed.

2. Check the current status:

   git status
   

3. Add files to the staging area:
   
   To add all changes:
   

   git add file_name
   

   git add .
   

4. Commit the changes:

   git commit -m "Your commit message"
   

Understanding Git Workflow

1. Files: The working directory contains files you are editing.

2. Index: Staging area where changes are prepared for a commit.

3. Repository: Where the final snapshot of your project is stored after a commit.

Removing Files in Git

1. Delete a file from your working directory:

   rm file_name
   

2. Stage the removal:

   git add file_name
   

3. Commit the removal:

   git commit -m "Removed file_name"
   

4. Alternatively, remove and stage in one step:

   git rm file_name
   

Visual Representation of Commit Sizes

• Small, incremental commits are preferred over large commits. They make tracking and debugging easier.