Project Presentations

// === Include Required Libraries ===
#include                       // Core Arduino functionality
#include                          // I2C communication for OLED
#include                  // Graphics library for OLED
#include              // OLED display driver

// === OLED Display Configuration ===
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128                  // OLED display width in pixels
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64                  // OLED display height in pixels
#define OLED_RESET    -1                  // No reset pin used
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);

// === Hardware Pin Assignments ===
const int pwmPin = 3;                     // PWM output pin for motor (connected to MOSFET gate)
const int throttlePin = A0;               // Analog input for throttle (0–1023)
const int batteryPin = 27;                // Analog input for battery voltage sensing
const int thermistorPin = D1;             // Analog input for thermistor (temperature sensing)
const int ledPin = 14;                    // LED pin for fault/status indication

// === System Thresholds and Constants ===
const float lowBatteryVoltage = 10.0;     // Minimum safe battery voltage (adjust as needed)
const float maxMosfetTemp = 80.0;         // Maximum MOSFET temperature in °C before fault

// === Thermistor Parameters ===
const float BETA = 3950.0;                // B value of thermistor
const float R0 = 10000.0;                 // Thermistor resistance at 25°C
const float T0 = 298.15;                  // 25°C in Kelvin
const float R_REF = 10000.0;              // Reference pull-up resistor

void setup() {
  // === Initialize Serial Communication ===
  Serial.begin(9600);

  // === Configure Pin Modes ===
  pinMode(pwmPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(batteryPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(thermistorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // Start with LED off

  // === Initialize OLED Display ===
  if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C)) {
    Serial.println(F("OLED init failed"));
    while (true); // Stop everything if OLED fails
  }

  // === Display Welcome Message ===
  display.clearDisplay();
  display.setTextSize(1);
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
  display.setCursor(10, 20);
  display.println("Motor Controller Ready");
  display.display();
  delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds before starting main loop
}

void loop() {
  // === Read Throttle (0 to 1023) ===
  int throttleValue = analogRead(throttlePin);

  // === Calculate PWM Value from Throttle ===
  int pwmDuty = map(throttleValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);  // Map to 8-bit PWM (0–255)
  analogWrite(pwmPin, pwmDuty);                       // Output PWM to motor controller

  // === Simulate Speed (for display) ===
  float speed = map(throttleValue, 0, 1023, 0, 50);   //  speed in km/h (adjust as needed)

  // === Measure Battery Voltage ===
  float adcBattery = analogRead(batteryPin);          // Read battery ADC value
  float batteryVoltage = (adcBattery / 1023.0) * 3.3 * (100.0 + 10.0) / 10.0;
  // ↑ Adjust if using a different resistor divider (here 100k:10k assumed)

  // === Read Thermistor and Calculate Temperature ===
  int adcTherm = analogRead(thermistorPin);           // Thermistor ADC read
  float resistance = R_REF * (1023.0 / adcTherm - 1.0); // Calculate thermistor resistance
  float temperature = 1.0 / (log(resistance / R0) / BETA + (1.0 / T0)) - 273.15; // °C

  // === Show All Data on OLED Display ===
  displayStatus(throttleValue, pwmDuty, batteryVoltage, temperature, speed);

  // === Print Status to Serial Monitor ===
  Serial.printf("Throttle: %d, PWM: %d, Speed: %.1f km/h, Battery: %.2f V, Temp: %.1f C\n",
                throttleValue, pwmDuty, speed, batteryVoltage, temperature);

  // === Wait for a Bit Before Next Update ===
  delay(500); // Update rate every 0.5 second
}

// === Display Normal Operating Status on OLED ===
void displayStatus(int throttle, int pwm, float voltage, float temp, float speed) {
  display.clearDisplay();                  // Clear the OLED
  display.setCursor(0, 0);                 // Reset cursor to top-left
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);    // Set text color
  display.setTextSize(1);                 // Set font size (small)

  // Print all values
  display.printf("Throttle: %4d\n", throttle);
  display.printf("PWM:      %3d\n", pwm);
  display.printf("Battery: %.2fV\n", voltage);
  display.printf("Temp:    %.1f C\n", temp);
  display.printf("Speed:   %.1f km/h\n", speed);

  display.display();                       // Update the OLED with new content
}