WEEK 3: Computer Controlled Cutting
Assignment
Cut something on the vinyl cutter - design, lasercut, and document a parametric construction kit, accounting for the laser cutter kerf, which can be assembled in multiple ways, and for extra credit include elements that aren't flat.
Laser Cutting Machine
A laser cutting machine is a computer-controlled device that uses a high-powered laser beam to cut, engrave, or mark materials with precision. It works by directing the laser through a lens, which focuses the beam to melt, burn, or vaporize the material. Laser cutters are widely used in manufacturing, prototyping, and digital fabrication due to their ability to cut complex shapes with high accuracy. Common materials for laser cutting include wood, acrylic, MDF, paper, fabric, and metals (with specialized lasers). Key parameters such as power, speed, and kerf adjustment play a crucial role in achieving the desired cut quality.
A CO₂ laser cutting machine uses a carbon dioxide gas laser to generate a high-powered infrared laser beam, which is directed onto a material to cut, engrave, or mark it. It operates by exciting a gas mixture (CO₂, nitrogen, and helium) with electrical energy, producing a laser beam that is highly effective for non-metallic materials like wood, acrylic, leather, fabric, and plastics.
Working Principle
CO2 lasers use a gas mixture (primarily carbon dioxide) to generate a laser beam. The laser light is directed through mirrors and focused onto the material using a lens. The high-intensity beam either cuts through or engraves the surface based on the power settings and the material used.
Key Components
-> Laser Tube : Generates the CO2 laser beam.
-> Mirror System - Directs the laser beam to the cutting head.
-> Focusing Lens - Concentrates the beam for precise cutting or engraving.
-> Control System - Allows users to adjust power, speed, and cutting parameters.
-> Worktable - Holds the material during operation.
-> Exhaust System - Removes fumes and debris for safe operation.
Materials Compatible with CO2 Laser Cutting
-> Wood like Plywood, MDF, and solid wood.
-> Acrylic & Plastics.
-> Leather & Fabrics
>
-> Paper & Cardboard
-> Glass & Ceramics
-> Rubber
Applications of Laser Cutting Machines
1. Manufacturing & Prototyping
2. Signage & Engraving
3. Textile & Leather Industry
4. Architecture & Model Making
5. Personalized Products
ONSHAPE
Onshape is a cloud-based CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software used for 3D modeling, product design, and engineering. Unlike traditional CAD programs, Onshape runs entirely in a web browser, allowing real-time collaboration, version control, and access from any device. It is widely used in mechanical design, prototyping, digital fabrication, and education.
Application
1. 3D Modeling – Create parametric models of parts and assemblies.
2. 2D Drawings – Generate technical drawings for manufacturing.
3. Collaboration – Multiple users can edit designs in real-time.
4. Version Control – Track design history and restore previous versions.
5. Simulation & Analysis – Perform stress analysis and motion studies.
6. Integration with CAM & Laser Cutting – Export DXF/DWG files for fabrication.
Assignment
Digital Fabrication - Vinyl Cutting & Parametric Construction Kit
-> Cut something on the vinylcutter.
-> Design, lasercut, and document a parametric construction kit,
accounting for the lasercutter kerf,
which can be assembled in multiple ways,
Objective
This assignment focuses on utilizing computer-controlled cutting techniques, specifically through the use of vinyl cutters and laser cutters. The objective is to design and fabricate a parametric construction kit, considering factors such as laser cutter kerf and the ability to assemble the kit in multiple configurations. Additionally, the assignment explores incorporating non-flat elements to enhance the complexity and functionality of the design.
Vinyl Cutting
Vinyl cutting is a precise process that uses a computer-controlled cutter to cut designs, letters, or patterns from sheets of adhesive vinyl or other thin materials. It is commonly used in sign-making, custom decals, t-shirt graphics, and sticker production. The cutter operates by moving a small blade along programmed paths, cutting only the top layer of the vinyl while keeping the backing intact for easy application. Vinyl cutting is widely used in industries such as advertising, fashion, and home decor, offering a cost-effective and efficient method for creating durable and customizable designs.
Laser Cutting Machine
A CO2 laser cutting machine is a powerful tool used for precise cutting, engraving, and marking of various materials. It operates using a high-energy CO2 laser beam that vaporizes or melts the material to create intricate designs with high accuracy.
Design
The parametric construction kit was designed using Onshape.
2D View
Download Original Design Files
Click on the links below to download the original design files:
Download 3D Design File ← Back to Home Page