3D scanning and printing





    Task of the week

    What I have did

    Group assignment :

  • In the group assignment I have tested the different designing rules of 3D printer in our lab.

  • Test the design rules for your 3D printer.

  • Designed the 3D model in Fusion 360 and Solid works.

    Individual assignment :

  • Explained the difference between additive and subtractive method.

  • Design and 3D print an object that could not be made by subtractive method.

  • Explained the steps of maintenance of 3D printer.

  • 3D scan an object.

  • Explained the steps of 3D printing.

  • Have explain why it is not made by subtractive method.

  • Studied the 3D sense scanner along with its default software.

  • Have scanned an object and myself.

  • Have saved the file in stl format and have printed it on 3D printer.


    Week 5 :-

    In this week we have design 3 diamentional objects by using 3D printer.We have 'Fractal work' in our lab which is entended version of Julia.We have used '3.0' version of 'Fractory' for generating G-code in stl format.It is the software which can convert our 3D design file in the progamming laguage, which will be understood by the machine. Also, we have done scanning of 3D objects, we have 'Sense'scanner and we have used 3D sense software to see the scanned object on our computer screen. Also we can adjust the position of scanner according to the image we see on the screen.We can modify the scanned object accordingly in this software. In this method we design such objects by using additive process.


    Additive method :-

    3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process, an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the object is created. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the eventual object.

    Subtractive method :-

    3D printing is the opposite of subtractive manufacturing which is cutting out / hollowing out a piece of metal or plastic with for instance a milling machine. 3D printing enables you to produce complex shapes using less material than traditional manufacturing methods (Google).

    'Fracktal Works' 3D printer :-


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    Specification of 'Fracktal Works' :-


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    Maintenance of 3D pinter :-

    Procedure for bed leveling : -

  • This set is important for good quality 3D print. For getting the even print we should have to level the bed. For that first we need to place the print plate on the shelf and should align the tabes and the power magnet will lock the plate automatically.

  • Turn on the printer select the bed leveling option from the prepair tab. Display will show us to go to the next step.

  • Before begining the bed leveling process we should make sure that there should not any bebbering at the nozzel tip this is esential for getting proper layer hang.

  • We should also unlock all the levelling screws beneath the print plate. Fallow the direction on the display to go for the next step. Lock the screw at the pressed possition by the nozzel at three different positions. Now the bed leveling is done.

    Procedure calibrating the height of nozzel : -

  • Now we will take the sheet of paper to calibrate the hight of nozzle. Place the sheet of paper between nozzle and bed.

  • Move the bed in the upward direction to move closer and closer to the nozzle. Slide the sheet of paper back and forth while turning the dial until we can feel slight friction form the nozzle. Then select enter on the display. In this way we have finished the calibration process of nozzle.

  • Adjust the distance between the nozzle and the print bed by selecting prepare and then autohome. The bed moves down to its original position and the nozzle to its hame position. Now heat the nozzle until the temperature required to sufficiently heat the material is reached then set the bed temperature and then we can give the print.

  • Fill/ remove the material from extruder : -

  • For remove the material from extruder, just heat the nozzle and hold the material at the upper side of extruder

  • Material changing : -

  • Material holder is at the right side of the printer. We can remove it and change directly.

    I have refer this video for the guidance of maintenance. Video link

    Steps for 3D printing :-

  • First we have to design our 3D model by using and 3D designing software. I have designed my handel using 'Fusion-360'.

  • I have clone the design file from in my operating system.Machine operates with programming language. So we have to convert our file in G-code.For that we have use 'factory' software for generating G-code.


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  • In next step we have to convert our 3D object in the programming language, so I have open the file in Fractory software.We have to select name of our 3D printer from the list before processing the design file. We have 'Extended version of Julia' so I have select it and click on 'Add printer' option.


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  • After cilcking on add printer option a 3D environment is opens on the screen as shown in the image below. Where we have first we have to call our object.


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  • Then select material we are going to use for our printing here I am using ABS (is a thermoplastic polymer) , nozzel diameter, if we require we can also select the supports in our design.


  • And, finally click on 'Prepare' option to the left bottom side. Once we click on prepare over G-code is get created, it will ask to save the file. If we have connect our pendrive it will directlly get save in our pendrive.




  • When we create G-code of the 3D printed file, we can see the change in the color of blue.


  • Now we can give our 3D designe file to 3D printer, directlly by connecting the pendrive.


  • In the third image we can see the failed object because the printer was get stop due to power cu-off issue, before print is completed.

  • In the fourth image we can see the 3D printed handel. After our print is completed we have to cool the bade as in this stage our bade temperature is very heigh so that we can not remove our object very easily.We have to select the option of 'fan' from the temperature setting in our machine.

  • Once the temperature is reduces we can easily remove our object from the bade. I have given supports in my design file so I have to remove that support once our print is completed.





    Why this object can not be made by "Subtractive methode" : -

  • As we can see in the design I have provided the slot and the provision of mounting nut and bolt in my design itself. If we look at the surface of the handle it is fully solid I have provided the filets at the surface to remove the sharp corners. I have provided this for easy handelling of the user. Because where ever we install the handel if is subjected to Push and Pull forces. Therfore if the body of handel have this shape it is not get affected by these forces easily.

  • As the discription of the design mentioned above we can not made this easily with the subtractive method. Or if we tray it with subtractive method it takes more material and time for machining. For example if we want to made the same handel with subtracive method . To made this shape on CNC lathe invovles facing, turning...etc. Every time the machine need to change the tool. Also this process invovles lot of chip formation that means wastage of material.

  • Hence we can not made this handel with Subtractive method.


    My final project part :-

    For my final project I have designed and printed the 3D casing for the BH1750 light sensor. BH1750 sensor has a sensitive photoresistor and other components on the surface of the IC. They should get protected from the outer environment. Otherwise, it may get damaged and will show the fluctuation in the readings. For protecting it I have designed a casing in which it will get placed. Its photoresistor should get exposed to the solar light and the 3D printed part will cover the surface. Hence I have laser cut the upper cover of the casing.



    Advantages of 3D printer

  • 3D printers are affordable. 3D printing is a single step manufacturing process, so not only it saves the cost than other manufacturing processes and machines but also the time.

  • Using 3D printing equipment, we can create prototypes within a couple of hours. Due to which the design process speed is considerably increased.

  • Plastic is the primary material used in 3D printing, but metals are also used. 3D printing allows complex, organic shapes to be made that are much lighter than traditionally machined parts.

  • The use of 3D printing technology reduces the quantity of waste materials created during the production process. This technology is environment friendly since the lightweight 3D printed models made can make cars or aircraft significantly more fuel-efficient.

  • The use of 3D printing equipment has increased in recent years due to increased accessibility.

    Limitations of 3D printers

  • Usually the chamber size integrated into 3D printers is relatively small, which restricting the part sizes that you can print.

  • 3D printed parts are typically created one layer after another, hence it is referred to as additive manufacturing. Therfore where the layers are not get bounded properly, they are subjected to splitting when exposed to loads at specific orientations or stresses. It is an issue that is often experienced with items created using fused deposition modeling (FDM).

  • 3D printing technology is not very userfriendly. Because it is a new technology and it offen reqquires trial and error method when creating parts on a 3D printer.

  • 3D printing technology is a recent innovation, therefore the materials needed during the manufacturing process are limited and some of which are still being developed.

  • It is now very easy for anyone to get the blueprint of the product to copy existing products quickly. Due to this there has been an increase in patent violation, and identifying a counterfeit product is almost impossible.

    3D scanning :-

    We have used "3D sense " scanner to scan the object. 3D scanning is a technique used to capture the shape of an object using a 3D scanner. The result is a 3D file of the object which can be saved, edited, and even 3D printed. Many different 3D scanning technologies exist to 3D scan objects, environments, and people. Each 3D scanning technology. The basic principle is to use a 3D scanner to collect data about a subject like, an object, an environment (such as a room), a person (3D body scanning).(Google)

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    Step wise procedure for scanning of 3D object :-

    For getting the printed image of scaned object we can use 3D sense software.

    About 3D sense software : -

    3D sense is a program gives you the creative freedom to combine scans with other favorite designs. You can upload scans directly for 3D printing, either at home or through the cloud.

  • First go to the downloaded setup.

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  • Then start to install it.

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  • Select the required option. If we want to scan human then choose the human and if we want to scan any object then choose the object option

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  • If we have selected the object then it will ask us that where we have to select small, medium or large object.

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  • If we have selected human then the next question is whether we want a full body scan or a head only. For scanning my object I have choose the head option.

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  • This is the object which I have desided to scane. It is a pot which we can used for tree planting. It is made by my local instructer Komal Raut during her fab academey.

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  • For scanning this object have place it at the stationary possition and have adjusted the position of scanner.But in this technice the object is not get scanned properly and image with pixel is formed.

  • In the next turn we have place our scanner at stationary possition and movable object. This is the 3D image created in the software called '3D sense'.

  • This is the main window of 3D sense software. In which we can see the facility of save, upload, print. At the start it is blank. When we are scanning the object we can see it on the screen.

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  • Now we can modify our object by using following commands, that if we wanted to fill the portion which is open we can solidify it by using these option and other options for modifing our print.

  • In the following image we can see some more modefing tools like color, trim, touch up. By using these option we can make our scanned object more attractive. Once we have done all the changes there are two options one is to go previous or next. Click on the next.

  • After our object is ready click on save option our file is get save in 'stl' format.

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  • I have uploaded that 'stl' file on 'sketchfab' online uploading site and have given that link in my file to view my object in the 3D environment and also can move it.

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  • After scanning I have printed my pot on 3D printer and again have follow the same procedure for printing that object.


  • This is the 3D object .So this is the mini-version of pot.



    Mini-me :-

  • After scanning the above object I was very qurious about how we can scan the whole body of the human. Therfore I have scanned myself by using scanner and 3D sense software.


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    Advantages of 3D scanning : -

    3D scanning can quickly capture all physical measurement of any physical object. It saves the time of desiging work. Can capture the engineering optimizations of manufactured part. 3D scanning can be applied at the design phase by starting with a physical object and it to design a CAD model.

    Limitations of 3D scanning : -

    To get perfect 3D scanned object we have to take care of many things like light available, the surface on which we have placed the object, rotating object, stability of the scanner,..etc. Otherwise we do not get the clear image for printing.


    Download design files : -

    Learning out-comes :-

  • In this week we have studied the different parameters of 3D printer.

  • In last week we have learned about designing different 2D and 3D objects and in this week I have used that technique to develop 3D designing objects for 3D printing.

  • To print an object on 3D print there are two methods first is to design and give an .stl file directly to the 3D printer and second , when it is difficult to design the shape of object or if there is less time to design the object and if we require an object in the optimized form there we use scanner. Where we scan the object which we want to print on the 3D printer and will give the file to 3D printer in .stl format.

  • So, in this week I have printed Mini-me.

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