Mechanical design and Machine design.





    Task of the week

    What I have did

    Mechanical design :

    Mechanical design :

  • Design a machine that includes mechanism + actuation + automation.

  • Have design the machine that includes mechanism, actuation and automation.

  • Build the mechanical parts and operate it manually.

  • Have designed a mechanical parts and have operate it manually.

  • Document the group project and your individual contribution.

    Machine design :

  • Have documented my individual contribution in CAD designing of all parts of machine in Solid works.

  • Actuate and automate your machine.

  • Have work on the mechanical assembly of stamp header, motor drive assembly of header ( belt and motor assembly ).

  • Document the group project and your individual contribution.

  • Have also worked on the positioning and the assembly of paper roll mechanism.

    Machine design :

  • Have actuated and automated the machine in group.

  • Have work on the automation of paper roll mechanism of the machine.



    Week-17 : -

    The work of this week was divided into two parts, Mechanical design and Machine design. The objective of the Mechanical design part was to design a machine that includes mechanism, actuation, and automation. In the Machine design part the objective was to actuate and automate the machine. In the starting of this week Niel have gave us the introduction of various principles and lows of in the basice physics and which are mainly applicable in the Machanical engineering different manufacturing materials, fastners, various drives...etc. This all were help us in building the structure of machine. He also shows us different machines which were designed by the Fab academey student in of privious year and other machines. So that we get the idea of how the machine with all specifications mentioned above should look like. In our work we have tried to meet this specificatipons.

    This was a group assignment. That means we have to perform our individual task to build a group project. In the privious week we have perform various group assignments but, in this assignment we have get the best experiance of team-work.

    The goal of Vigyan Ashram is; allways to deign something which will help to solve the problems in the socity. So in the first stage of brain-stroming we have hunt for various ideas which will match notonly expectation of this week but also the goal of our orgainzation.

    Difficulties we face :

    As I have mentioned we was raw about the idea of machine. We have group members with different background like Electronics engineers and mechanical engineers. Also, in this period of make a machine week we were have lock-down in India. So, our instructure also were not able to guide us for the week, because they were operate remotly. Due to lock-down perchasing of the different components required for buliding a machine was also difficult. Out-off all team members we three i.e Snehal, Vikram, and Tejswini was only present in the Ashram. Nikhil and Shreyas where at there home-town. So this was also difficult situation for us.

    How we will get the solution :

    One day we and our remote instructer Suhas sir have desided to start a commen discussion on the different ideas of machine. Suhas sir have ask us to post differnt ideas of machine which we have in our mind, on our commen whatsapp group.
    For this he have suggest us to see the work of privious year student on make-a-machine week. So, we three have discided to see different video's of machine and post the idea which we like and which can be possible for us to design. From that day we have start watching different youtube video's, reading different documents, and discusing with different members on the ashram's campus and with our different local instructer's on our comman whatsapp group. I have also talk with Supriya Kadam about there CNC Rangoli making machine during there fab-academey in 2016. which was a very sucessfull project.

    Different suggession for Make-a-machine :

  • Bamboo engraver : - Please check here

    This idea was suggested by my local instructure Miss. Komal Raut. Which was design and build by Miss. Supriya Kadam who was the member of Vigyan Ashram. It is a CNC laser router.

  • Automatic stamping machine : -

    Idea by Mr. Nikhil More who is one of our team member. This idea was also suggeseted by Mr. Prasad Patil who is also a DIC co-ordinater at Vigyan Ashram.

  • Braille printer : -

    Idea by Snehal's local instructer Miss. Aditi Kharade who is also a fab-academey student of previous year. This project was develope by her during her Design Inovation Ceneter course.

  • Carrom game controlled through computer : -

    This idea was suggested by Dr. Yogesh Kulkarni who is the director of our orgainisation. This idea was helpfull fro us visualise which and how we can control the motion in the X,Y and Z direction.

  • CNC-Jalebi maker : -

    This idea was suggested by Amol Khamkar who is a Design Innovation Center Co-ordinator and Lab Engineer at Vigyan Ashram.

    This project were helpfull in the Food lab section of DBRT in Vigyan Ashram.

    In Vigyan ashram we have conduct different training programs for different age group DBRT is one of the program for student of age-group between 15 to 18 years. In food-lab section they teach various food recipies making Jalebi is one of them.

    Jalebi is one of the favrite sweet dish in India. Jalabi making is very difficult task which involves a serious muscular pain. It was a good idea but we won't have require components for building this machine with CNC feature. But this we have get the idea of X,Y and Z motion.

    Conclusion :

    From the above all ideas and suggestions we have get the idea of " Ajrakh ". It is a traditional block printing art of India. This art is found mostly on shawls and carpets. Ajrakh is a unique form of block print that is popular in Kutch (Gujarat), Barmer (Rajasthan). It is also a poupular form of cloth printing in Sindh (Pakistan). Ajrakh printing uses natural dyes that include both vegetable dyes and mineral dyes, with indigo being the key dye.

    These print include designs and patterns made using block printing by stamps which follows a pattern. It include a very precise art and it is a hand-made art. So, it is time consuming process. To reduce this effort of ajrakh bolck printers.

    We within our group-members, instructers and with Mr. Yogesh Kulkarni have desided to design a block-printing machine which will reduce the human effort and will save the time to increase the production. This machine will inclued mechanism, actuation and automation.

    After this long discussion we have finalizied the sketch of our machine. In the below image we can see the rough sketch of the machine.

Week1-2

    Description of rough-sketch :

  • As shown in the above sketch there is a platform on which the cloth will silde. At a perticular distance of the platform there is a roller assemble through which the A4 size paper will move forward towards the stamping station. For trial we have decided to take A4 size paper. The roller mechanism is driven by stepper motor.

  • Further the stamping station is consist of two pillers like structure on either sides and at one side there is another stepper motor to drive the header.

  • Header is a sliding member on the shaft/support bars as shown in the sketch which consist of solenoid valve with stamp at the end.

  • The header will slide on the bars with the help of timing belt. As we can see the shafts are passing through the header. It passes through linear bearings.

  • To the left hand of the stamping station we can see the ink-pad which have the stamping ink in it.

    Work distribution :

    After discusing on the idea and drawing a rough sketch, we have distrbuted our work between our group members.

  • Vikram Ingole (Electronic engineer) : -Motor and actuator selection and testing, circute designing, collecting the data and upload it on our group, to help Mr. Nikhil. He had also support me in designing the header assembly. He also had prepair our final vedio of the machine.

  • Snehal Gawali (Electronic engineer) : -CNC machines (Laser cutter and 3D printer) operator, soldering components.

  • Shreyas Shaha (Electronic engineer) : -Design a code and android app for automizing and controlling the machine(Operate remotly).

  • Nikhil More (Mechanical engineer) : - Design the websit. (Operate remotly).

  • Tejswini Chaudhari (Mechanical engineer) : -Design the machine components in the 3D designing softwares(I have used "Solid-works"). To finialize the roller mechanism for paper movement. To fixe the position of roller and stamping mechanism. Assemble of components.

  • In this work Vikram and Snehal helped me in the assemble of components. Suhas sir help us in component placement to optimize the size of machine. He also have guide us at the different stages of machine building. I have also participed in the trials of automatic operation of machine with my group members Shreyas, Vikram and Snehal.

    Designing the machine components :


    Stamp header : -

    First we have decided to design a header for the stamp. We have used the reference of Rangoli machine.

  • First I have take the dimension of Solenoid valve which is act as a controller to control the up and down motion of the stamp connected to its end.

  • The dimension of solenoid valve we have used are 20.9mm(Length) X 11mm(Width) X 10mm(Thickness). These are the standered dimension of push-pull type (open frame) solenoid valve.

  • Considering all these dimensions first I have draw a rough sketch of support plate by dicussing with my group members Snehal and Vikram. After finallizing the dimensions, I have deign the support plate of the header in Solid-works.

  • In this design we can see the two holes are for the support for shaft on which our header will move. A single hole at the center with oval shape is the provison for passing the belt drive which drives the header in X-Y direction with motor(Stepper motor). We need two support plates for the header so, we have desided to cut two plates with acrylic sheet of 12mm thickness.

  • We have selected this thickness of sheet because the weight of solenoid valve the header need to handel is 45gm approximately.



  • In the similar way by taking the dimensions and by considering the distance between two support plates I have design a front plate in solidwork.



  • Following image shows the rough-sketch of the header assembly for analysing the position of all components of header assembly.



  • Before go for the cutting I have assemble the parts in the software to check the dimnsions of press-fit parts of support plates and front plate.

  • The following image shows the solidwork assembly of stamp-header. After designing the support plate and front plate we need to save the file in .dxf formate to cut it on laser-cutter.



  • Before cutting the design on acrylic we have decided to cut it on card-board to check and confirm the dimensions. So this is a card-board assembly of header.

  • In the assembly we can see the solenoid-valve is connected on the front side of front plate and the two support plates are connected to the either sides in the slots on the front plate.

  • " Linear Ball Bearing " is fitted in the round slots/ holes on the support plates.

  • The middel oval slot on both the support plates are provided to pass the transmission belt(Toothed belt) towards stepper motor which is the driver of header assembly.



  • This is the final assemble of front plate and support plate of the stamp header with shaft and bearings in cardboard.


    Support pillers : -

  • These are the support piller which I have design to give support on either sides of the stamping mechanism.

  • Here we can see the two round slots are provided to rest the shaft at there end. In short they are the support for axles.

  • Another oval hole is provided for the transmission belt.

  • We can see the two small rectangular slots to provide support for the plates on which the driving motor will be rest.




    Support plates for motor : -

  • In the below images we can see the two plates. First plate will be act as a support for the stepper motor on which the bottom of the stepper motor will be rest.

  • In the second image we can see the plate to which the top end of the motor will connect. There are four holes provided to support the motor on four ends. And the big hole at the center is provid for the driving shaft of the motor with free-wheel.



  • After designing of all parts of the header with its support, drivers(stepper motor) and mountings we have assemble it and have taken the manual test trial with solenoid-valve.




    Roller mechanism : -

  • Along with this my group members Vikram and Snehal have designed the rollers for roller assembly. They have 3D printed the roller because we needs the rigidity of the roller. They have design the roller to fit properly with shafts without any slip. For designing this mechanism, we have taken the reference of roller mechanism in the paper printer.



  • These are the support plates for motor and assemble of roller mechanism. In the first image we can see the half circular cut where the motor head with driving shaft is get rest. The two small holes on the either sides of the cut is provided fit the motor with tightening bolts. This plate will get fitted between the base plate and middel plate.

  • In the second image two round holes are provid where the paper roller mechanism with disk ball bearings are get fitted. The knotches at the bottom and to the side of the plate are provided for press-fit the plate between base and the middel plate of the assembly.



  • After designing both the plates of roller motor, again we have cut these plates design on the card-board. Then we have assemble the axiles of roller mechanism and have taken the manual trial of roller mechanism.

  • After taking the manual trial we have connected the stepper motor drive and have take the first trial of roller mechanism with motor drive.


    Base plate : -

  • Now this is the base of the machine on which the hole assemble will get rest.

  • Here both the roller assemble and stamping assemble will rest.

  • Here the different slots are provided on the base plate to fit the bearing's plates on the either sides, slots for side supports/pillers. With this support I have provide slot for side support to connect the base plate and middel plate with each other.

  • In the second image we can see the provision for electronic components. Where we will place all electronics assemble.




    Middel plate/Support plates at the four corner : -

  • This is the top plate which will support the roller mechanism at its top side and on which the A4 size paper or cloth will slide. Here the slots for bearing plates, rollers, and the roller motor are provided at the top side.

  • In the second image we can see a plate which will support the assemble and especially to support the middel and bottom plates at the four edges.




    Machine assembly : -

  • Here also before going for the actual cutting I have assemble the all components to confirm the diamensions and to visualise how the assemble will look.



  • This is the whole assemble of the machine in Soildworks.

Week1-2

  • And this is our final machine with acrylic. We have provide a control of operation of the machine through mobile app.

  • Designed by Shreyas who is a electronic engineer. He has a great support in the automation of the machine. He had design a application in MIT app inventor and also had written a code for controlling the system.

Week1-2

  • Our work of this group assignment is written by Mr. Nikhil. He had develope a website on which he had mentioned our work.

    Final video of the machine :

    Download design files : -

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Solar Automatic Shredder. by Tejswini Chaudhari is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0
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