JIN`s Fab Academy 2018:
How to make almost everything

week5: Electronics Production

1. learing FabISP, Roland SRM-20

This time was too hard for me.
It is because it is the first to hear.
So I decided to try it slowly.
First, I decided to make ATtiny's 'Brian' ISP board. I downloaded the board image from Brian's web page.
After receiving the image, I made a few modifications to engrave my name.
However, I tried to modify the image in the illustration, but the size came out differently.
So I was willing to give up, but when I saved it as PNG, the image had a ppi of 300, so it was slightly smaller.
So I modified it to 1000ppi and inscribed my initials.

It brings brian's ISP trace and outline images.

I put my initials in the trace image in the illustration.

The CNC at Fablab Seoul is Roland's 'SRM-20'.
It is very precise and well documented.
Then go to http://fabmodules.org. Fabmodules is a program that helps to reduce PCB milling.
-How to use fabmodules`trace`- 1. Select image (.png) from the input format.
2. I bring up an image to cut.
3. Select Roland mill (.rml) in the output format.
4. Select PCB traces (1/64) in the process

Go to Fab modules.org and select input.

Select the png image to bring up the trace image. Select roland mill in output format Select pcb trace in process.

Set the device to SRM-20, xyz: 0 and speed to 4.

5. Set speed to `4`.
- where speed is the speed of movement.
6. X0, Y0, and Z0 should all be zero.
- where X, Y, Z represent orgin.
7.zjog should be 10
-zjop represents the depth.
8. The number of offsets is -1 or 4.
- 4 means to cut 4 times, -1 means to subtract line and remove all. -

Set the device to SRM-20, xyz: 0 and speed to 4, zjog is the distance traveled on the z axis when moving. The number of offsets sets how many layers are cut.

9. Click on calculate and make sure that the image is correct.
10. Finally save and make sure the file format is .rml.

outline is xyz: 0, and speed is 0.5. As soon as endmill can break.

-How to use fabmodules`outline`-

1 ~ 3 are the same as above.
4. Select PCB outline (1/32)
5. Speed is set to 0.5.
The end mill can break with a higher number.
6. X0, Y0, Z0, and zjog are the same as above.
7. Do not change number of offsets to 1.
8. Click calculate to confirm the image.
Note: Make sure the image conver is good.
The red color is cut off and the white color is not cut.

Finally, enter the outline setting value.

In the outline, the number of offsets can be set to 1.

When you save the file, it is saved in the rml file format.

-How to use `Roland SRM-20`-

This is the SRM-20.
The external design is too good. Software with SRM-20. Machine software is simple to use.
1. You can move the endmill with the x, y, z direction keys.
2. Cursor Step can change the degree of movement.
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3. You can adjust the origin of X / Y and Z through Set Origin point.
4. MOVE returns to where it originated.
5. Indicate the position of XYZ. -orging will result in all zeros.
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6. CUT goes to file selection mode.
7. Pause and cancel during operation.

Learn how to use roland's software.

It is movable in the xyz axis and shows the coordinates. To cut a file, you need to enter cut.

8. In the cut setting, Add can import my rml file.
9. Press "output" to start the program.

If you load the rml file into add and output it, it will be executed immediately.

It is an endmill box in Fablab Seoul. A box is required for endmill management.
1. 0.8 pie is 1/64 endmill for trace.
-It is so thin that it can break if you do not touch it well. We have to deal with it carefully. Like dealing with babies!!-
2. The endmill is being replaced with a machine.
-Be careful not to let the endmill fall.-
3. A wrench was used to secure the endmill.
4. Place the end mill in the cutting position and raise the z-axis.
5. Using a wrench, place the endmill on the copper board and replant.
6. In the software, press x, y, z origin, raise the endmill and press output to start.
- The reason for raising the endmill is because when the high speed rotation is close to the copper board, the endmill can break. -

If you cut the trace, you need to replace the endmill. The endmill box should always be closed.

It is 1/32 times thicker than trace endmill.

The endmill should be secured.

The xy axis is left as is, and the z axis is adjusted again.

The trace cut is over. Vacuum should be used to remove the powder. Never shoot air.
The reason is that if the powder is blown, it may be bad for the machine and it is bad for our respiration.

At the end of the work, the dust must be cleaned up.

But something was wrong. It does not see my `Jin` carved name right away. I checked to see if the file was wrong.
OH my god!! I accidentally brought my companion `minsoo` file. When I was working on the same computer, I made this mistake.
Luckily, I did not have a big problem because it was the same file, but I can not name my name.
We need to make sure the file is correct.

The outline cut replaces the endmill and originates only the z-axis. The program loads the outline file.

This time you have to change the end mill to cut the outline.
It is twice as large as 1.6-bit trace.
Make sure that the blade of the end mill is working before doing the work.
Replace the end mill. And in software, you should never touch the origin of x, y.
-x, y As soon as you touch origin, the PCB is destroyed-
Only the logical z-axis needs to be re-originated.
And the door of the machine must be closed and started. You should also refer to this.

The outline endmill is thicker than the trace endmill.

When you start the equipment, you have to close the door because the roland door must be closed before you can run it.

After the outline is finished, remove the powder by vacuum.
If you do not remove the powder, the powder must be removed frequently because it can cause friction to the powder and damage the endmill.
When removing the PCB, it is necessary to remove it with a flat screwdriver.
-copper board is weak, so be careful-
When you are done, you should clean and arrange. In particular, the end mill box should be closed and returned to its original position.
say rodrigo`s instructor

At the end of the finish cut, remove the board with the screwdriver. At this time, the force should be weak.

When you are done, you should cover and clean the cover.

The completed ISP board should be scraped off with a knife or iron scraper.
This is because there is no shot.
I used a less sharp iron ruler.
It is the first PCB board I made!

When the borad cut is over, it should be scratched with a ruler on the surface. Otherwise, the chip may be buried and cause a malfunction.

'SMD'(surface-mount device))
Refers to the equipment used to mount surface mount components on a printed circuit board (PWB),
generally refers to the equipment required for SMT Line configuration, but broadly refers to the production equipment
and units needed to manufacture PCBs that mount surface mount components Equipment, and related facilities.
Sometimes they are referred to as surface mount components.
- It's too hard to say above. So I understood this. SMD is an electronic component for PCB -
Fablab Seoul has well-organized SMD parts.
And I saw Brian's web page and pulled out the parts one by one.
It is finally the beginning of soldering!

You need to look for the part by looking at the SMD's unique number. Because SMD is too small, it is better to work with tape on paper

Roland's SRM-20 mistake !!!
You must replace the endmill and tighten it. The end mill may fall during operation.
Then the end mill breaks, loses money and listens to the instructor`s nagging.
Sorry rodrigo`s instructor

My mistake has dropped the endmill in the middle. Always be careful. Endmill is weak.

2. learing FabISP, soldering

I did not know how to look at the schematic, so I studied the schematic.
It was the most basic, but it helped me a lot.
I found out through the schematic that the LEDs and diodes are directional and the resistors are directional.

You should know the location of the SMD parts while looking at the schematic and board images.

I did not see the image at first, so I studied the basic things in SMD and electronic sign separately.

I learned that the datasheet of the part is important through studying the schematic.
In the datasheet, you need to know the exact information and direction of the part.
So you can go to the datasheet of each part by going to the link below. please note.

' 1x ATtiny45 or ATtiny85'
2x 1kΩ resistors
2x 499Ω resistors
2x 49Ω resistors
' 2x 3.3v zener diodes'
'1x red LED'
'1x green LED'
'1x 100nF capacitor'
1x 2x3 pin header

Soldering is very important. No matter how good the part is, if you do not do the soldering well, it is useless.
Soldering should be slow, but too difficult.
The lead was on the side and the lead penetrated the next place, but I had difficulty in soldering, but I did not place the resistor well.

Atmaga has direction, so you have to check it well.

I was almost tearful ... but I did it again and soldered again.
Make sure to indicate the number and direction of each part.

For resistors, the number is written. For capacitors, there is no number. Both directions are irrelevant.

It was hard to solder because the board could not be fixed. Be careful because LED parts have direction.

Diodes must also be checked as they are directional.

Finally finished !!! Soldering is not smart but satisfies as the first PCB

Finally finished! The board is not pretty yet because it is the first time. I made a lot of mistakes.

I did not know if the soldering was not working.

3. learing FabISP, programming

I created a programming environment by looking at the contents of the `Using the GNU AVR toolchain on Windows 10`
homepage. 1. Set the environment so that the window can be programmed.
2. Download the firmware and modify the makefile.
3. make clean-make flash-make Program with make fuse.
4. Check the USB port to see if my Isp is recognized.
ISP is a basic board when we program the MCU.

-My mistake-

I failed to solder and programming continued to fail.
At first, I did not know that soldering was wrong, and I realized that my window computer was abnormal.
So the last time I rebuilt the solder, the board was broken and made again. I spent a lot of time here.

In case of window ISP programming, you have to change the computer settings. Follow the link above to step by step.

I did programming by leveraging the Rodrigo instructor's ISP. I downloaded the make file.

You need to tweak the code inside to call it atom and set it to window.

And I made a hex file with make flash .... I got an error. I figured out the problem of soldering, soldered again, and then I rebuilt the board.

I solved the problem and uploaded it again by making a hex file with make flash and typing make fuses. Finally succeeded !!

Finally, the signal is also captured by Usb.