Group Assignment 5: 3D Scanning and Printing

                ~ Technology: FDM (Filament).
                ~ Build Volume: 250 × 210 × 220 mm (~11.55 L).
                ~ Speed: High (Input Shaper; profile dependent).
                ~ Resolution: Layer height 0.05–0.30 mm.
                ~ Temperatures: Nozzle max 290°C; Bed max 120°C.
                ~ Materials: PLA, PETG, Flex, PVA, PC, PP, CPE, PVB (ABS/ASA/HIPS/PA with enclosure).
                ~ Best for: Functional parts with high reliability and consistent quality.
                ~ To consider: Higher investment; enclosure recommended for ABS/ASA/PA.            

                ~ Technology: FDM (Filament) with toolchanger (up to 5 heads).
                ~ Build Volume: 360 × 360 × 360 mm (~46.66 L).
                ~ Speed: High (Input Shaper; profile dependent).
                ~ Resolution: Layer height 0.05–0.30 mm.
                ~ Temperatures: Nozzle max 290°C; Bed max 120°C.
                ~ Materials: PLA, PETG, Flex, PVA, PC, PP, CPE, PVB (ABS/ASA/HIPS/PA with enclosure).
                ~ Best for: Large parts and/or true multi-material printing (soluble supports, combinations).
                ~ To consider: Large physical footprint and cost; multi-tool setup requires planning.            

                ~ Technology: FDM (Delta).
                ~ Build Volume: Ø265 × 400 mm (~22.06 L).
                ~ Speed: Rec. 100 mm/s @0.2 mm; max travel 300 mm/s.
                ~ Resolution: Rec. layer height 0.10–0.40 mm (0.5 mm nozzle).
                ~ Temperatures: Hotend max 280°C; Bed max 100°C.
                ~ Typical Materials: PLA, PETG, ABS, TPU (depending on config).
                ~ Best for: Tall parts (Z-axis) and geometries benefiting from fast movements.
                ~ To consider: Delta calibration can be demanding; 0.5 mm nozzle favors larger parts.            

                ~ Technology: MSLA (Resin, UV 405 nm).
                ~ Build Volume: 143 × 89.6 × 175 mm (~2.24 L).
                ~ Speed: 30–50 mm/h.
                ~ Resolution: XY 35 µm; Layer height 0.01–0.20 mm.
                ~ Screen: 6.6" mono 4K (4098×2560).
                ~ Resins: Most types (Standard, ABS-like, water-washable, etc.).
                ~ Best for: Miniatures/figures and small parts with high detail at low cost.
                ~ To consider: Post-processing (wash + cure) and chemical handling.            

                ~ Technology: MSLA (Resin, UV 405 nm).
                ~ Build Volume: 218.88 × 123.12 × 250 mm (~6.74 L).
                ~ Speed: 30–70 mm/h.
                ~ Resolution: XY 28.5 µm; Layer height 0.01–0.20 mm.
                ~ Screen: 10" mono 8K (7680×4320).
                ~ Resins: Standard and 8K; great detail/size balance.
                ~ Best for: Medium-sized parts and batches of miniatures with fine detail.
                ~ To consider: Higher resin consumption and workspace/cleaning requirements.            

                ~ Technology: MSLA (Resin, UV 405 nm).
                ~ Build Volume: 218 × 123 × 200 mm (~5.36 L).
                ~ Speed: 70–105 mm/h (105 with high-speed resin).
                ~ Resolution: XY 19 µm; Layer height 0.01–0.15 mm.
                ~ Screen: 10.1" mono 12K (11520×5120).
                ~ Features: Leveling-free + sensors (failure detection/resume).
                ~ Best for: Maximum detail with a large screen and shorter print times.
                ~ To consider: Max speed requires specific resin and precise exposure control.            

                ~ Description: The main advantage of a grid is print speed, as it’s the least complex of the patterns.
                ~ Typical Density: 15-50%
                ~ Typical Application: 3D prints subjected to low stress, such as guides or similar parts.
                ~ Printing Speed: Medium            

                ~ Description: A 2D mesh made of triangles. This pattern has an inherent advantage in strength when a load is applied perpendicular to the object’s face. It is ideal for parts with thin, rectangular components.
                ~ Typical Density: 15-50%
                ~ Typical Application: 3D prints subjected to low stress, such as guides or similar.
                ~ Printing Speed: Medium            

                ~ Description: This 2D pattern produces hexagons interspersed with triangles. Hexagons are an efficient and strong shape relative to material usage. It has shorter lines, leading to fewer issues with bowing from poor cooling.
                ~ Typical Density: 15-50%
                ~ Typical Application: 3D prints subjected to low stress, such as guides or similar.
                ~ Printing Speed: Medium            

                ~ Description: This is a 3D pattern consisting of stacked and tilted cubes.
                ~ Typical Density: >50%
                ~ Typical Application: Functional 3D prints, for example shelf brackets which require high strength in multiple directions.
                ~ Printing Speed: Slow            

                ~ Description: This variation of the cubic pattern is designed to use less material while maintaining structural integrity.
                ~ Typical Density: >50%
                ~ Typical Application: Functional 3D prints, for example shelf brackets requiring high strength in multiple directions.
                ~ Printing Speed: Slow            

                ~ Description: A 2D pattern that produces grids of what appear to be very fancy crosses. The spaces between the crosses allow for bending and twisting.
                ~ Typical Density: 0-100% (depending on desired "squishiness").
                ~ Typical Application: Flexible infill patterns to preserve the bendy nature of the print.
                ~ Printing Speed: Medium            

                ~ Description: This 3D pattern is similar to Cross, but as the print grows, the lines move at inclines. The result is an object with slightly more rigidity.
                ~ Typical Density: 0-100% (depending on desired "squishiness").
                ~ Typical Application: Flexible infill patterns to preserve the bendy nature of the print.
                ~ Printing Speed: Medium            

                ~ Description: Also known as tetrahedral infill, this pattern stacks pyramid shapes to create a dense structural mesh.
                ~ Typical Density: >50%
                ~ Typical Application: Functional 3D prints, for example shelf brackets which require high strength in multiple directions.
                ~ Printing Speed: Slow            

                ~ Description: This 2D pattern produces “waves” through the interior, mimicking the shapes of the outer walls, like ripples in water.
                ~ Typical Density: 0-100% (depending on desired "squishiness").
                ~ Typical Application: Flexible infill patterns to preserve the bendy nature of the print.
                ~ Printing Speed: Medium            

                ~ Description: This 3D pattern produces “waves” through the interior, mimicking the shapes of the outer walls across all axes.
                ~ Typical Density: 0-100% (depending on desired "squishiness").
                ~ Typical Application: Flexible infill patterns to preserve the bendy nature of the print.
                ~ Printing Speed: Medium            

                ~ Description: One continuous line per layer oriented in one direction. Essentially the same as Lines infill with connected lines.
                ~ Typical Density: 0-15%
                ~ Typical Application: Models or figurines where 3D prints don’t typically require a great deal of strength.
                ~ Printing Speed: Fast