Week02-computer-aided design¶

Have you answered these questions?

Modelled experimental objects/part of a possible final project in 2D and/or 3D software
Shown how you did it with words/images/screenshots
Documented how you compressed your image and video files
Included your original design files

random review

what is issue in gitlab in Fabacademy, an issue tracker is a topic? issue tracker how to fix the problem. it is kind of project management

machine learning in embedded programming

using this for time management of weekly https://fabacademy.org/2026/labs/leon/students/inigo-gutierrez/weeks/week01/

Sophia presentation: creation, modification, analysis, and optimization think about final project and sketch it, checking this https://fabacademy.org/2021/labs/waag/students/nadieh-bremer/ history of the CAD

what is the different between raster and vector? GIMP and Inkscape
why Inkscape

what purpose CAD can be used such as fields like art, engineering, industry and ...

3D design: B-REP? Boundary Representation and F-Rep function representation

some of the main features in 3D designing:
    Revolve shape creating
    Sweep feature 
    Fillets
    Chamfers
    Offset
    Loft
    boleain operation 
Sculpting meshes

measuring in 3CAD



from 3D to 2D

Rendering what?
modeling a Animation


what are the Histories, heirarchies?

constraints 
assemblies


parametric what it is?  specially needs for laser cutting

Blender geometry nodes



simulations

agent based modelling

interchange formats
stl for 3D
SVG for 2D


game engines

VR / AR whats in designing?

Sometimes you have to try multiple file types to see what works

check these two: https://fabacademy.org/2026/classes/computer_design/video.html

https://fabacademy.org/2026/classes/computer_design/image.html

next week

parametric design chist and for next week can be used also for laser cutting

try to different tools for design

onshape

blender for carrier but complixity, it is like programming and for rendering

blender render rendering is a part of assignment OBS studio for multiple tasks capturing and postprocessing

Prusa slicer

davinchi resolve for video editing

how to compress video? a video on the webpage

hand break

FFmpeg.org this command use for website: ffmpeg -i input_video -vcodec libx264 -crf 25 -preset medium -vf scale=-2:1080 -acodec libmp3lame -q:a 4 -ar 48000 -ac 2 output_video.mp4

how to compress images?

raster and vector and 3D of the final project

carmac for checking the keyboards

point to point is great option in features, body and components

first constructing and then numbering

revolve feature in Fusion360

Installing Blender¶

I installed very easily the Blinder as below just by two click:

2D design¶

how to install Inkscape & GIMP and find or check the tutorials for these topic and mentioned them here try to just make a few sketches by them

GIMP¶

to start using GIMP, I just take a look at to this tutorial and start working with software, I thought beside working and learning GIMP do something related to my doctoral project which is drawing a block diagram of the project and i will use it for my paper with some modification:

Opening the software:

then create an project and specify the dimension of images you plan to draw and start sketching which I do it to show the concept of my doctoral project:

from tools menu I chose the rectangle or as it can be seen the hotkey R

Inkscape¶

To practice this section, I created a block diagram illustrating the basic concept of my doctoral project; acousto-optic sensing for brain therapy.

I then installed Inkscape without any difficulty and used this tutorial:

And opening the software, it appeared as follows:

I noticed that the interface language was set to Finnish:

The language was changed to English by following the steps below. Note that to apply the language change, the software needs to be restarted:

After the initial preparation, I started drawing a diagram related to my doctoral project. I created the basic concept using a block diagram. First, I rotated the page 90 degrees clockwise (from the bottom-right corner). Using the hotkey R, I drew the first block of the diagram, starting with the Laser. After drawing a rectangle, I selected the text tool, clicked in the middle of the rectangle, and typed Laser:

Then, I changed the font color to black:

Next, I grouped the rectangle and the text box, and then copied and pasted it three times to create three additional blocks. By double-clicking on the text, I renamed each block. I also activated the page grid to visually align the blocks:

Now it was time to specify the connections and their directions between the blocks:

I set the same color for identical connectors and aligned the blocks to achieve a symmetric distribution:

Next, I drew the ultrasound transducer parts:

Then, I changed the colors for related blocks and resized the page to fit the block diagram:

Finally, the steps for exporting the diagram as a JPG file are shown below:

And here is the final output:

Compress images¶

Some of the images in above, related to Inkscape design were big size, so make them smaller size as its important for the webpage having small size while high quality, I resize them and also do the other part of the assignment which is image compressing. For this purpose I use FastStone Photo Resizer 4.5, downloaded from here and installed it. the software is user-friendly, going to target folder –> add or add all –> sort (images size-based) –> specify the output folder –> advanced options –> resize –> I set it to 50% –> and finally convert.

before pressing the convert bottom, next to it there is a preview option to see:

And the output after resizing:

Compressing¶

to compress video I decided to use FFmpeg not Handbrak as i want to work much more with git bash commands and terminal rather than using GUI, working more with brain and let my eyes to have some relax:

first downloading it through the below command:

$ git clone https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git ffmpeg

and was installed by following syntax:

´$ winget install ffmpeg

and after reopening the Git bash and checking that installation was successful or NOT:

3D design¶

3D Printing slicer¶

For 3D printing, models must first be sliced. For this process, I used IdeaMaker, as it supports the Raise3D Pro2 Plus printer. The following steps show, step by step, how to prepare a model for 3D printing.

Importing the Model

First, import a model into the software. There are two ways to do this:

Drag and drop the file into the workspace, or

Click Import Model, which is located in the center below the menu toolbar.

Select a supported file format and click Open to import one or more models.

After importing the model, several important settings must be checked, depending on the material being used. The first step is to place the model in the best position on the build platform, ensuring it fits properly within the printer’s working area.

Ungrouped the model:

Moving the Model:

Rotating the Model:

Setting the material, select the appropriate material for printing.

Advanced Settings

Next, open the Advanced Settings to configure the following parameters. Infill. Set the infill percentage, which determines the internal density of the model:

Extruders: Choose whether to use the left extruder, right extruder, or both:

Platform Additional: Set the platform adhesion option. In this case, Raft only is selected:

Temperature, set the nozzle temperature based on the material (e.g., 205 °C for PLA) and the heated bed temperature (60 °C):

Printing Speed, adjust the printing speed according to the desired quality and material:

Slicing the Model, after configuring all settings, select the model and start slicing:

Preview and Verification, before uploading the model to the printer, use the Preview feature to check for any errors. Important information such as the estimated printing time and material usage can be reviewed here:

Uploading and Printing, close the preview and upload the sliced file to the printer’s storage:

Press Print and wait a few minutes while the extruder and heated bed warm up to 205 °C and 60 °C, respectively:

Once the temperatures are reached, the printer starts printing: