Week 03

Computer-Controlled cutting

Learning outcomes

  • Demonstrate and describe parametric 2D modelling processes
  • Identify and explain processes involved in using laser cutter
  • Develop, evaluate and construct a parametric construction kit
  • Identify and explain processes involved in using vinyl cutter
Week 3 cover

Assignment requirements

Group assignment

  • Do your lab's safety training
  • Characterize your lasercutter's focus, power, speed, rate, kerf, joint clearance and types
  • Document your work to the group work page and reflect on your individual page what you learned

Individual assignment

  • Design, lasercut, and document a parametric construction kit, accounting for the lasercutter kerf
  • Cut something on the vinyl cutter

Progress Status

Group work Done

Test equipment

Individual work Done

Use EDA tool

Documentation Done

Upload source files

1) Introduction

My main goal: learn EDA tools, parametric construction, and domain the technology of laser and vinil cutting

Step right image
Equipment Section

2) Equipments and materials

Laser machine
Tauryc Laser Machine
  • Emergency stop (red button)
  • Power / Laser (green button)
  • Control panel
Tauryc 9600
Tauryc 9600 Laser Machine
CO2 100W 60 × 90 cm
  • Controller: RUIDA 6445G
Silhouette Cameo 5
Silhouette Cameo 5
  • Maximum Cutting Length: 16 ft (487.7 cm)
  • Maximum Material Thickness: 3 mm (118.11 mils)
  • Maximum Cutting Speed: 1–10 mm/s (1 mm/s step), 10–300 mm/s (10 mm/s step)
  • Mechanical Resolution: 0.00625 mm

3) Group assignment results

For more details visit Fab Lab Peru - Group Assignment: https://fabacademy.org/2026/labs/lima/#page-top

We are part of the Fab Academy network of nodes. It was developed between 2010 and 2011 and officially inaugurated during the FAB7 World Congress. Fab Lab Peru is a node with presence in various regions: Lima, Junín, and Loreto. For this group assignment, we meet to coordinate ideas, objectives, and responsibilities.

The meeting allowed us to explore and evaluate different materials and their applications for digital fabrication. During this session, we worked on the group assignment.

We were guided by Evelyn Cuadrado as instructor and Grace Schwan as academic support.

Group work session at Fab Lab UNI

Laboratory safety training

🦺 Safety training

We received safety training by instructor Jheferson Lados Villegas. He explained the importance of personal safety and the correct use of protective equipment such as glasses, gloves, masks, and ear protection. These elements are essential to prevent accidents and protect against risks like laser radiation, noise, and particle emissions.

Safety training session
⚡ Laboratory tour

We want to identify safety signage and electrical panels, main panel and individual panels for each laser machine. Rules emhasize to ensure safety operations

Laboratory tour
🛠️ Laser machines

Laser machines were introduced, explaining their uses and power levels depending on the material. Some machines operate with a closed hood, while others require extra caution and protective eyewear.

Laser machines
⚙️ Machine components

The main parts: laser tube, mirrors, lenses, cutting head, worktable, fume extraction system, control panel, and power supply. Each component ensures precision and efficiency.

Machine components
✅ Best practices

Key recommendations include checking materials before cutting, adjusting power and speed correctly, never leaving the machine unattended, keeping the workspace clean, and following instructor guidance to ensure safe and efficient operation.

Final recommendations

Calibration tests

🎯 Machine calibration

Calibrating a laser cutting machine is essential to ensure accuracy, quality, and safety. The first step is leveling the worktable and adjusting the height to achieve optimal laser focus on the material.

Laser calibration process
🔍 Mirror alignment

The mirrors must be clean and properly aligned, as misalignment affects the laser beam path. A laser pointer or marker is used to verify that the beam reflects correctly from each mirror to the cutting head.

Mirror alignment
📐 Cutting head alignment

The cutting head must be aligned perpendicular to the work surface. Any deviation can result in irregular cuts or reduced precision, so careful adjustment is required.

Cutting head alignment

Parameter – MDF 2.6 Tests

🖥️ Template Preparation

We edited our laser cutting and engraving test template using Corel Draw, optimizing it and adding our letterhead. The template includes cutting, marking, and engraving operations in both vector and bitmap formats.

Template design in Corel Draw
⚙️ RDWorks Setup

The template was exported to the RDWorks laser controller software. We adjusted the grayscale palette in bitmap mode to properly test engraving performance.

RDWorks setup
📊 Test results & observations
  • The bitmap engraving required a dot grid configuration to correctly display grayscale.
  • The engraving power tower did not appear stepped due to the burnt finish of the material.
  • Minimum cut sizes were accurately represented in basic shapes.
  • Text readability was consistent across different letter sizes.
  • Laser marking tests produced clean and optimal results.
  • Flexible pattern tests in 3 mm spacing showed increased material flexibility.

Parameters – Acrylic 2mm

✨ Cutting & Engraving Test

A laser cutting and engraving test was performed on acrylic. Different power and speed parameters were evaluated to achieve a clean and precise finish. The cut produced polished edges typical of CO₂ laser processing, while engraving resulted in a uniform matte surface.

Acrylic test result
📊 Observations
  • Bitmap engraving required a dot grid configuration for grayscale.
  • The engraving power tower did not appear stepped due to material finish.
  • Minimum cut sizes performed well in basic shapes.
  • Text readability was consistent across sizes.
  • Laser marking produced clean and defined results.
  • Flexible pattern tests showed good material flexibility at 3 mm spacing.
Acrylic detail results

Minimum & Maximum speed and power test

⚡ Parameter evaluation

Tests were conducted using extreme values of speed and power to identify optimal laser settings. At minimum values, cuts were incomplete and engraving was faint. At maximum values, cutting was faster but increased the risk of burning or melting edges. These results helped define a safe and effective parameter range depending on the material and thickness.

Speed and power test

Kerf test

📏 Measurement & Fit

A kerf test was performed to measure the material removed by the laser during cutting. A sample with multiple grooves of varying sizes was designed to evaluate the fit between male and female parts. The results allowed us to calculate material loss and adjust digital designs for precise assembly.

Kerf test sample

Responsible use

🏫 Workspace responsibility

Fab Lab UNI provided a well-equipped and safe environment for our group work. This space enabled hands-on learning and collaboration using various tools and machines.

Respect for shared spaces was emphasized. After completing our work, we ensured the laboratory remained clean and organized, following established rules. Maintaining the workspace ensures safety, proper equipment function, and availability for future users.

Fab Lab workspace

4) Individual assignment 1 - Laser machine

Problems

  • Software did'nt work
  • Incorrect speed and laser power intensity

Solution with laser machine

  • Parametric design
  • Setup up laser power intensity
  • Control speed

Open a parametric project

Designing the first piece

Adding 4 lots in the circle

Adding 4 lots in the circle at 45°

Copy three times

Review the laser cutting speed and power

Review the laser cutting materials, speed and power

Review the laser cutting materials, speed and power

Review the laser cutting speed and power. Depending on the material, the speed and power will be different type of cut.

We used a 2mm MDF

Label=cut; speed=12 mm/s, Power=75%, Classification=Stroke, Engrave 35 mm/s

Connecting the computer

Calibrating the head

Open laser cutting

Cutting route

Final cutting

Cleaning the pieces

View of the pieces

View of the pieces

Phone holder

Glasses holder

Sunglasses holder

Sunglasses holder

Multifunctional parametric design

Video demonstration

4) Individual assignment 2 -Vinyl cutting

Problems

  • Plotter didn't cut
  • Incorrect vinyl
  • Incorrect cutting mode

Solutions with Vinyl cutter

  • Validate materials
  • Validate cutting mode
  • Domain the software

Sihouette Cameo 5 - cutting machine

Sihouette Cameo 5 - cutting machine with vinil base

We used a 2mm MDF

Designing indiviudal project logotype. Using Chat GPT to generate a logotype for my project and then I edited it in the software to cut it

Prompt: generate a logo, for swimmer with disabilities; considering sensors of distance, line detector, and others, and heart rate; the logo should be simple, modern, and easily recognizable

Upload logotype to the software

Upload logotype to the software and prepare it for cutting


       

File SVG generated for cutting

<svg viewBox="0 0 500 500" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <!-- CAP --> <path d="M120 200 Q250 90 380 200 L380 240 Q250 190 120 240 Z" fill="black"/> <!-- SENSOR --> <circle cx="250" cy="210" r="12" fill="white"/> <circle cx="250" cy="210" r="5" fill="black"/> <!-- WAVE --> <path d="M100 270 Q250 240 400 270 Q250 300 100 270 Z" fill="black"/> <!-- SIGNAL --> <path d="M210 140 Q250 110 290 140" stroke="black" stroke-width="10" fill="none"/> <path d="M225 115 Q250 95 275 115" stroke="black" stroke-width="8" fill="none"/> <!-- TEXT AQUAGUIDE --> <text x="250" y="360" font-size="48" text-anchor="middle" font-family="Arial" fill="black"> AquaGuide </text> <!-- TEXT FAB LAB --> <text x="250" y="400" font-size="28" text-anchor="middle" font-family="Arial" fill="black"> Fab Lab </text> </svg>

Printer preview and paper configuration

Review logotype dimension

Cutting configuration

Sending files to the cutter

Final logotypes vinyl cutting

Video demonstration

5) References files

We learn about parametric design, use the laser cutting and vinil cutting

6) Final results

What did you learn? What would you improve next time?

  • Linked to the group assignment page - More information at Fab Lab Peru - Group Assignment: https://fabacademy.org/2026/labs/lima/#page-top
  • Reflected on your individual page what you learned of your labs safety training
  • Explained how you created your paremetric design - On group and invividual assignments
  • Documented how you made your press-fit construction kit - On individual assigments
  • Documented how you made something with the vinyl cutter - On individual assignments
  • Included your original design files
  • Included hero shots of your results - On this web page
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