Week 10 — Output devices

This week’s topic: Output devices.

Group assignment

In Shenzhen Chaihuo, our group focused on one clear task: measure output-device power consumption with a method that is easy to reproduce in individual projects.

Work objective

We recorded voltage and current under different operating conditions, then converted them into power values to compare idle, loaded, and repeated-state behavior.

1) Instruments and wiring baseline

Bench DC supply in constant-voltage mode
Digital multimeter
Output load fixture
Alligator clips and test leads

Bench setup overview with supply meter and fixture — Setup photo A - Full bench arrangement for power measurement.

Wiring closeup for measurement fixture — Setup photo B - Close-up of wiring and load-side connection.

2) Calculation method

P (W) = V (V) × I (A)

Cross-check used for resistor-based verification:

I = V / R

3) Experiment A: load ON condition

After energizing the load, we waited for stable readings, then logged voltage/current from both the supply and meter to compute operating power.

Team operating measurement under load condition — Experiment photo A - Team operation during ON-state measurement.

First reading snapshot under output load — Experiment photo B - Reading snapshot under active load.

Second reading snapshot under output load — Experiment photo C - Additional ON-state reading for consistency check.

4) Experiment B: open-circuit baseline

We opened the circuit to verify near-zero current baseline, confirming that the measurement chain and wiring did not introduce false load values.

Open-circuit near-zero current reading — Experiment photo D - Baseline check with open-circuit current near zero.

5) Experiment C: repeated and dynamic operation

Repeated switching and dynamic states were tested to verify whether current/power trends remained stable and interpretable across multiple cycles.

Repeated operation test on bench — Experiment photo E - Repeated operation sequence for trend verification.

Dynamic-state reading snapshot — Experiment photo F - Dynamic-state reading captured during repeated tests.

Output device working-state verification — Experiment photo G - Working-state confirmation under powered output behavior.

Summary table

Condition	Observation	Conclusion
Load ON	Current and power increased from baseline after stabilization.	The output device draws measurable operating power.
Open circuit	Current dropped close to zero.	Baseline and measurement wiring were validated.
Repeated/dynamic	Readings changed with state and remained consistent across retries.	Method is reusable for future individual tests.