Electronics Design

Grpup Assignment

PWM Signal Generation with ESP32

Materials:

The following materials were used to carry out this experiment:

1 ESP32 development board.
1 breadboard.
1 LED.
1 resistor 220 Ω.
Jumper wires
1 oscilloscope
USB cable
Computer with Arduino IDE installed

Development

In this experiment, a PWM signal was generated using the ESP32 microcontroller in order to analyze its behavior and visualize its waveform using an oscilloscope.
First, GPIO25 was configured as a PWM output through software. Then, an LED was connected in series with a resistor to visually observe the effect of the PWM duty cycle through variations in light intensity.
Finally, the oscilloscope was connected to GPIO25 and GND of the ESP32 to observe the generated signal, where a characteristic square waveform of the PWM signal was displayed.

Connection Diagram:

The implemented circuit was as follows:

GPIO25 → 220 Ω resistor → LED → GND

Oscilloscope Connection:

GPIO25 → Oscilloscope probe tip
GND → Oscilloscope ground clip

Programming Code Used

The following code was used to generate a PWM signal with a frequency of 1 kHz and a 50% duty cycle:


                   const int pwmPin = 25;

                   void setup(){
                    ledcAttach(pwmPin, 1000, 8);
                    ledcWrite(pwmPin,128);
                      }

                   void loop(){
                    }

Conclusions

This experiment made it possible to understand the operation of PWM signals and their importance in controlling electronic devices. Additionally, it was observed how a microcontroller can generate modulated digital signals to control the power delivered to a device. This technique is widely used in motor control, LED brightness regulation, and electronic control systems.

Return home