#include <SPI.h> // Include the SPI library for SPI communication
#include <Wire.h> // Include the Wire library for I2C communication
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h> // Include the Adafruit GFX library for graphics functions
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h> // Include the Adafruit SSD1306 library for OLED display control

#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128 // Define the width of the OLED display
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64 // Define the height of the OLED display

#define OLED_RESET    -1 // Define the reset pin for the OLED display
#define SCREEN_ADDRESS 0x3C  // Define the I2C address of the OLED display
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET); // Create an instance of the Adafruit_SSD1306 class for OLED display control

#define BUTTON_PIN_PLAY D0 // Define the pin for the play button
#define BUTTON_PIN_JUMP D1 // Define the pin for the jump button

#define BIRD_SIZE 4 // Define the size of the bird sprite
#define BIRD_START_X 10 // Define the initial X position of the bird
#define BIRD_START_Y 20 // Define the initial Y position of the bird
#define GRAVITY 0.5 // Define the gravity force affecting the bird
#define JUMP_STRENGTH -3 // Define the jump strength of the bird

#define PIPE_WIDTH 10 // Define the width of the pipes
#define PIPE_GAP 20  // Define the gap between pipes
#define PIPE_SPEED 1 // Define the speed of the pipes

int birdX, birdY; // Variables to store the position of the bird
float birdYSpeed; // Variable to store the vertical speed of the bird
bool gameover; // Flag to indicate if the game is over

int pipeX; // Variable to store the X position of the pipes
int pipeGapPosition; // Variable to store the Y position of the gap between pipes

int score; // Variable to store the player's score

void setup() {
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN_PLAY, INPUT_PULLUP);  // Set the play button pin as input with pull-up resistor
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN_JUMP, INPUT_PULLUP);  // Set the jump button pin as input with pull-up resistor

  Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communication

  if(!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, SCREEN_ADDRESS)) {  // Initialize the OLED display
    Serial.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed")); // Print an error message if display initialization fails
    for(;;); // Loop indefinitely
  }

  display.display(); // Initialize the display
  delay(2000); // Delay for 2 seconds
  display.clearDisplay(); // Clear the display

  // Display the custom message
  display.setTextSize(1);  // Set text size to 1
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);  // Set text color to white
  display.setCursor(10, 20); // Set cursor position for the first line of text
  display.println("Fab Lab Puebla."); // Print the first line of text
  display.setCursor(10, 30); // Set cursor position for the second line of text
  display.println("By: Victor"); // Print the second line of text
  display.display();  // Display the text on the OLED display

  delay(4000); // Delay for 4 seconds

  startGame(); // Start the game
}

//=============================
void startGame() {
  // Initialize game parameters
  birdX = BIRD_START_X; // Set the initial X position of the bird
  birdY = BIRD_START_Y; // Set the initial Y position of the bird
  birdYSpeed = 0; // Reset the vertical speed of the bird
  gameover = false; // Reset the gameover flag

  pipeX = SCREEN_WIDTH; // Set the initial X position of the pipes
  pipeGapPosition = random(10, SCREEN_HEIGHT - PIPE_GAP - 10); // Set the initial Y position of the gap between pipes

  score = 0; // Reset the score

  display.clearDisplay(); // Clear the display
}

void loop() {
  // Start a new game if play button is pressed and game is over
  if (digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN_PLAY) == HIGH && gameover) {
    startGame();
  }

  if (!gameover) {
    // Game loop
    handleInput(); // Handle player input
    updateBird();  // Update bird position
    updatePipes(); // Update pipes position
    checkCollisions(); // Check for collisions
    draw(); // Draw game elements
    delay(50); // Delay for smoother gameplay
  }
}

void handleInput() {
  // Make the bird jump if jump button is pressed and bird is above the ground
  if (digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN_JUMP) == HIGH && birdY > 0) {
    birdYSpeed = JUMP_STRENGTH; // Set the vertical speed of the bird for jump
  }
}

void updateBird() {
  birdYSpeed += GRAVITY; // Apply gravity to the bird
  birdY += birdYSpeed;                     // Update bird's vertical position

  // Keep the bird within the screen bounds
  if (birdY > SCREEN_HEIGHT - BIRD_SIZE) {
    birdY = SCREEN_HEIGHT - BIRD_SIZE;
    birdYSpeed = 0; // Stop the bird from falling through the ground
  }

  if (birdY < 0) {
    birdY = 0;
    birdYSpeed = 0; // Stop the bird from going above the screen
  }
}

void updatePipes() {
  pipeX -= PIPE_SPEED;  // Move the pipes to the left

  // Reset pipe position if it goes off-screen
  if (pipeX < -PIPE_WIDTH) {
    pipeX = SCREEN_WIDTH;
    pipeGapPosition = random(10, SCREEN_HEIGHT - PIPE_GAP - 10); // Randomize the position of the gap between pipes
    score++;  // Increase the score when a new pipe appears
  }
}

void checkCollisions() {
  // Check for collisions between bird and pipes
  if ((birdX + BIRD_SIZE > pipeX && birdX < pipeX + PIPE_WIDTH) &&
      (birdY < pipeGapPosition || birdY + BIRD_SIZE > pipeGapPosition + PIPE_GAP)) {
    gameOver(); // If collision detected, end the game
  }
}

void gameOver() {
  gameover = true; // Set gameover flag to true
  display.setTextSize(1); // Set text size to 1
  display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE); // Set text color to white
  display.setCursor(SCREEN_WIDTH / 4, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 4); // Set cursor position for "GAME OVER" message
  display.println("GAME OVER"); // Display "GAME OVER" message
  display.setCursor(SCREEN_WIDTH / 4, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 4 + 20); // Set cursor position for
  display.print("Score: ");
  display.println(score); // Display the final score
  display.display(); // Display the content on the OLED screen
  delay(2000); // Delay for 2 seconds
}

void draw() {
  display.clearDisplay(); // Clear the display buffer

  display.fillRect(birdX, birdY, BIRD_SIZE, BIRD_SIZE, SSD1306_WHITE);  // Draw the bird

  // Draw the upper part of the pipe
  display.fillRect(pipeX, 0, PIPE_WIDTH, pipeGapPosition, SSD1306_WHITE);
  // Draw the lower part of the pipe
  display.fillRect(pipeX, pipeGapPosition + PIPE_GAP, PIPE_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT - pipeGapPosition - PIPE_GAP, SSD1306_WHITE);

  display.display(); // Display the content on the OLED screen
}