3D printing, also called aggregate manufacturing (English), is a set of processes that produce objects through the addition of material in layers that correspond to the successive cross sections of a 3D model.
3D printing allows us to create prototypes and mass manufacture; It is also a technology that allows complex geometries to be created that were previously not possible with other manufacturing processes.
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3D printer
To carry out our 3D printing work we use a Brand printer: CREALITY whose model is ENDER 6 whose characteristics are:
Here are some pictures of the machine:
Ultimarker Cura 4.13.1
It is a 3D printing software used not only by Ultimaker but also by printers from other manufacturers; the formats supported by this software are STL, OBJ, X3D and 3MF. It is free software and it is available in more than 15 languages which makes it easy to use. We download and install the software as shown below.
Download Ultimaker Cura 4.13.1
(enlace
)
Remember STL
format: is the standard data transmission format par excellence of the rapid
prototyping industry.
Once installed, we open the program; The first
thing we must do is choose the type of printer to use, in this case we select
ULTIMAKER S5.
At the end, it presents us with the following environment:
Printer layout rules To carry out the tests corresponding to the design rules, we resorted to the Ultimaker Cura 4.13.1 Software, since we do not have the availability of a printer, we chose to simulate the result of the 3D printing of a part under different parameters using this software. We downloaded a piece to do the design tests ”3D_printer_test_mini”, the link can be found here (enlace) Downloaded the piece we open it from the Cura
We perform the first test with the settings shown and the following is obtained:
Now we modify the angle of rotation, but keep the same settings. You can see how the printing time and the material used vary.
Now we will modify the profile to 0.1, keeping the other options the same.
What did we learn: ·
individual assignment: - design and 3D print an object (small, few cm3, limited by printer time) that could not be made subtractively
In the case of 3D printing, model a flower pot based on pentagons in the solidworks program, having as an idea the one found on youtube as shown in the image that can be seen below and also by entering the following link you can view it.
We are going to add the pentagons in solidworks and at the same time we are joining each of the pieces with the mate tool.
We are adding the 1.5mm thick and 8mm high pentagons to locate them with the Move Component tool and then rotate it, as follows:
When I finish placing the last pentagon, I save this assembly file and reopen this assembly file of the same piece and it is turned to close the top of the planter.
When the upper part is placed on the lower part, it looks like this:
One corner is joined to another via the Mate - Mate tool.
Staying as follows:
I select the upper pentagon and then delete it
To add text, I select one of the faces and go to the Design tab and choose the text tool to type said text in the left side box.
We click on the solidworks inspection tab and take into account the following features highlighted in the image.
In the end, the planter will look like this:
Now I save the file with an STL extension so that I can later open it in the software called CURA.
We use the turning tool to locate it correctly.
The cura does not print, it saves the file in G code, which is transferred to the printer using an SD card.
Here you can download the files worked on in SoLidworks (enlace)
You can also watch some videos of how the work was done in solidworks (enlace)
Finally, you will be able to download the 3D printing videos (enlace)
We open the image to work with in Ultimaker CURA, which is a program that allows us to do slicing (convert a 3D object to a printable object by transforming it into layers, that is, in GCODE code). When entering CURA for the first time, it asks us to choose a printer. In our case, it is the 3D BESTGEE T300S PRO, but since we entered it for the first time, we chose the CUSTOM option.
We open the image to work with in Ultimaker CURA, which is a program that allows us to do slicing (convert a 3D object to a printable object by transforming it into layers, that is, in GCODE code). When entering CURA for the first time, it asks us to choose a printer. In our case, it is the 3D BESTGEE T300S PRO, but since we entered it for the first time, we chose the CUSTOM option.
We configure the extruder with the following values where the first value corresponds to the size of the nozzle and the second the diameter of the material to be used (PLA) that we can find in the printer specifications:
The same mouthpiece also tells you the size:
The same mouthpiece also tells you the size:
NOTE: The Ultimaker Cura software allows you to later add
another printer via the menu SETTINGS - PRINTER - ADD PRINTER.
Before printing we must set all the printer values:
We downloaded the image "3D_printer_test_mini" from the following link: click here and we made the test print with these characteristics. To preview the image under the given characteristics we rotate by pressing the right mouse button and rotating the pointer we can view the object from different angles. Then we insert the file saved in an SD memory into the 3D printer under those conditions, giving us an approximate printing time of 1 hour 49 minutes with 29 grams.
This print was with these features:
The panel of our printer is as follows:
Printing will start with the following parameters:
Some screenshots of the print:
It goes like this:
Finally, it is thus clean of all support
We proceed to make the second impression with the following characteristics and with the following size at 100:
After segmentation, it tells us that printing will take 5 hours and 27 minutes and 31 grams will be used. And if we activate the supports with the PREVIEW button it looks like this:
The minitest impression was made at 100% fill with a 0.2 profile and support and adhesion were added in settings. In addition to taking into account the rest of the print settings as we can see in the images.
The minitest printout was made at 100% infill with a 0.2 profile and adhesion was added in settings, but it was not considered to have support. In addition to taking into account the rest of the print settings as we can see in the images.
In the photos we can appreciate the impression of the two minitest with or without support.
3D SCAN
The scanner used is a MATTER AND FORM brand, as can be seen in the image.
Its characteristics are the following:
The software we work with is MF Studio whose home screen can be seen below:
To start a new project, click New Project on the MFStudio home page. Enter a Filename which in our case is statue, select a Save in: location, then click Continue. The files extension is MFPROJ.
In the next window we can see the X, Y and Z axes. Click on the new scan button to start a new scan.
We place the statue on the base of the scanner considering this as the first vertical position with a geometric configuration of 1/16.
Now with a geometric configuration of 1/32
We get the first scan.
We place the image in a horizontal position perpendicular to the laser to perform the second scan and be able to complete the image.
We place the image in another position and perform a second scan. We can now see the scans made.
Finally we place the statue in a third position: parallel to the laser and perform a third scan.
The third scan throws us some unwanted spots, we proceed to the cleaning process. We select what we want to delete (the selected points are shown in red) click on delete.
Now the image is clean.
Then to perform the meshing of each scan, for this we activate the "little eye" icon of each scan. our first scan we align it by clicking on the letter A. Then enter the MESH tab, we set the mesh option to 8 and click on mesh.
Then we align each of the scans by activating and aligning them one by one. We proceed to the first scan.
Then to the second scan.
Finally, the third scan
We eliminate what we do not want.
We proceed to perform the meshing of the three aligned images, but we perform the meshing in different meshes. First with mesh of 8.
Now with mesh 9
Now with a mesh of 10.
And finally with a mesh of 11.
But the mesh of 9 the image looks better so we proceed to export the mesh file.
We choose the STL extension, put a name and save it. Finally, click save
This is what the saved file should look like.
You can download the worked files here (estatua.stl and estatua.mfproj)
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