15. Mechanical Design & Machine Design¶
MECHANICAL DESIGN, MACHINE DESIGN¶
Assignment Requirements:¶
Mechanical Design (part 1 of 2)
Group assignment:
Design a machine that includes mechanism + actuation + automation Build the mechanical parts and operate it manually.
Document the group project.¶
Individual assignment:¶
Document your individual contribution.¶
Machine Design¶
Group assignment:¶
- Actuate and automate your machine.
- Document the group project.
Individual assignment:¶
- Document your individual contribution.
Learning Outcomes:¶
- Work and communicate effectively in a team and independently.
- Design, plan and build a system.
- Analyse and solve technical problems.
- Recognise opportunities for improvements in the design.
Steps in General:¶
- Step(1): Exploring the electronic components.
- Step(2): Controling the CNC machine.
- Step(3): Final Results
Introduction:¶
Laser Cutter/Engrave machine¶
Laser cutter/engraver is a type of laser machine with CNC (Computer Numerical Control) system that adopts Fiber/UV/CO2 laser beam to cut & engrave 2D letters, numbers, texts, patterns, photos, pictures, signs or logos on the surface of the materials.Laser has four main characteristics:
- high brightness
- directivity,
- monochromaticity and coherence.
so it has been widely used in industrial processing.[group assignment page]
Application¶
Laser engraving machine is an intelligent laser engraving device for personal or enterprise applications. It can be used to perform specific tasks i.e Used for carving pictures, words, tracks or cutting the surface of general non-metallic materials! Suitable for all kinds of DIY artworks.
Automation¶
Automationdescribes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes.
Automation – specialist in power transmission and motion control We supply slewing ring bearings, oscillating mountings, addition we also select and offer the right components and systems for motion control solutions, such as stepper gear motors, linear stepper actuators and complete XY cartesian systems.
Actuation¶
Actuation. An actuator is a component of a machine that is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system.it is mover.
From the point of view of machine design, Actuators are the parts of the machine that operate in its environments ( to affect it/change it, in some way), while the limit sensors are the parts that receive information from its environment. In terms of actuation, our machine has a moving laser beam, whose tip can be arbitrarily positioned in any position in the operating space/volume.
For all intents and purposes, however the laser beam will only occupy 2 planes in space:
The paper plane: when the tip of the laser beam is touching the surface below the machine. This setting can be used to write, draw on it or mark it in some way.
The hover plane: when the tip of the laser beam is held away from the floor/paper/whiteboard. This position allows us to freely move the laser beam without leaving marks or painting anything.
Mechanism¶
Mechanism, rigid bodies connected by joints in order to accomplish a desired force and/or motion transmission
The machine that we have built has various mechanisms to operate and perform action in all 2 spacial dimensions:
1 mechanism to operate on the X axis using 1 stepper motors. 2 mechanism to operate on the Y axis using 2 stepper motors.
The mechanisms allow the machine to have an operating area of approx:
60mm * 30mm = 180mm
Mechanical Design¶
In designing we use solidworks software, we started out with an already existing frame made with aluminium profile and had to add, - X- Axis: 2 acrylic plates as holders for 2 steppers motors. - Holders laser cut in 5mm acrylic sheet to hold the stepper motor, wheels/bearings,cornel blackets and a provision for endstoppers. - Y xis: Aluminium profile frame attached to the 2 X Axis acrylic plates and an extension for the Z axis. - Z Axis: A stationary plate extension and a stepper motor with a laser beam attached to it. The group assignment Find the link here
GENRAL DESIGN OF OUR MACHINE DESIGN¶
My contribution:¶
I have designed mechanical same mechanical parts and mechanisms, I used solidwork software and operated a lot of digital and manual machines. But, here I decided to be responsible for the electronics and control part to have different knowledge and experience and to explore this field
design parts of our machine.
Assembling of machine
