19. Invention, intellectual property and income¶

develop a plan for dissemination of your final project.

prepare drafts of your summary slide ,and video clip,and put them in your root directory

DISSEMINATION¶

What is Dissemination ?
- Dissemination means sharing research results with potential users - peers in the research field, industry, other commercial players and policymakers). By sharing your research results with the rest of the scientific community, you are contributing to the progress of science in general.
This week’s aim is to learn about protecting your idea and how to avoid people misusing your idea/product for their personal gain. There are many types of patents for the same. The aim was to learn about them and chooses which one is right for us.

Introduction to invention¶

-This week is our last lecture in fab academy , it’s acutally an awesome experience , learned a lot and acutally i think my personality was changed a lot, when i write this docs i was in a huge presure becasue next session we need to submit our Final Project, but that’s not a problem actually i’am very much enjoying this momment , putting all the knowledge i accured in the semester . - This week professor gave as great lecture about the Intellectual Property and it’s differents types , actually i’m very new to this and it’s a very important . people like me only consider technology and it’s implementation .

An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition or process. The invention process is a process within an overall engineering and product development process. It may be the improvement of the exsisting process or a product. Inventions can be patented, Which legally protects the intellectual properties of the inventor. The rules and requirements will change from country to country.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY¶

Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce. IP is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create.

Intellectual property rights¶

Intellectual property rights include patents, copyright, industrial design rights, trademarks, plant variety rights, trade dress, geographical indications and some jurisdictions trade secrets.

Patents¶

A patent is a form of right granted by the government to an inventor, giving the owner the right to exclude others from making, using, selling, offering to sell, and importing an invention for a limited period of time, in exchange for the public disclosure of the invention. A product will get patent only when it meet the following three criteria: it has to be new, not obvious and there needs to be an applicability.

Copyright¶

Copyright gives the creator of an original work exclusive rights to it, usually for a limited time. Copyright does not cover ideas and information themselves, only the form or manner in which they are expressed.

Trademarks¶

A trademark is a recognizable sign, design or expression which distinguishes products or services of a particular trader from the similar products or services of other traders.

Trade secrets¶

It is a formula, practice, process, design, instrument, pattern, or compilation of information which is not generally known. By keeping the secrets leads to obtain more economic advantages

What is a patent?¶

A patent is a form of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, selling, and importing an invention for a limited period of years, in exchange for publishing an enabling public disclosure of the invention.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent

Not all inventors want to make or sell products or designs. Patent licensing lets you profit from the rights to your invention. You can collect royalties from sales.
Advantages of Licencing
- Limited Risk
- Global Distribution
- Limited Time Period
- Eliminating Patent Infringement
Disadvantages of Patent Licensing
- Soliciting Manufacturers
- Low Success Rate

Different types of open source licenses:¶

GNU General Public License¶

Copy the Software:

There’s no limit to where you can copy that code. Copy it on your own server, on your client’s server, on your local workstations, wherever and howsoever many times. - Distribution:

You can distribute it in your thumb or hard drives, you can distribute the code under this license with a download link on your website, you can print out the code on paper, whatever form of distribution you want. - Charge a Fee:

You can charge someone for the software, but remember to give them a copy of GNU GPL which would tell them that they could get the software free from elsewhere. This also gives a chance for you to tell them why you are charging for it. - Change the Codebase Howsoever:

If you want to fork the project and make changes to it, you can. Remove or add features howsoever you want. The only condition is that your project should also be released under GNU GPL.

It is important to know the distinction between source and binary distributions. There are some constraints regarding releasing applications under each other. Also, if a project uses GNU GPL license, it has to comply with some standard rules of commenting parts of license requirements inside the code itself.

GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

It grants fewer right to work than GNU GPL. It’s generally appropriate for libraries and projects that want to allow linking from non-GPL and non-open-source software. GPL requires any other project or source that is using the project under GPL to also be licensed as GPL; GPL licensed code can’t be used for paid and proprietary software. LGPL cancels it out by not requiring other projects with parts of the code to be similarly licensed.

APACHE LICENSE¶

Apache License version 2.0 rights can be applied to both copyrights and patents. Some of the licenses can be applied only to copyrights and not patents. Some details of Apache License:
Rights are Never Ending: Once the rights under Apache License have been granted, you can continue to use them forever, there’s no need of renewing it.
Worldwide Authority of Rights: Even if rights are granted for one country, automatically, they’re granted in all countries.
Rights for No Fee or Royalty: No charge, neither up front nor per usage or on any other basis applicable.
Rights are Irrevocable: No can ever say to you that your derivative of the code that was licensed under this license can’t be in use anymore (A clause in the license states that if you sue someone over patent infringement on anything under this license, then your license is terminated, but that only applies to patented work, and as long as you don’t sue anyone over the work, you won’t have to worry about it).
Redistribution of the code has requirements, mainly related to proper credit to those who’ve worked on the code and maintaining the license.

BSD License¶

BSD license is a part of a family of free software licenses that have much fewer restrictions in distribution as compared to other free software licenses. Two important versions are:
The New BSD License / The New Modified BSD License
The Simplified BSD License / FreeBSD License

Both have been accepted as open source licenses by the Open Source Initiative.

The New BSD License (known as the “3-clause license”) allows unlimited redistribution for any purpose, so as long as the copyrights and disclaimers of warranty of the license are maintained. This license has an interesting requirement. It contains a phrase restricting the use of contributors’ names for endorsements of a derived work without specific permissions. It basically means that if someone has forked some famous person’s code and made changes to make a new project, s/he can’t use that person’s name to endorse it. The primary difference between the New and the Simplified BSD License is that simplified BSD license omits this clause.

CREATIVE COMMONS¶

Creative Commons (CC) [under which MIT Open Courseware Material is released] licenses aren’t quite open source. They are common for design projects. A wide variety of them are available each granting particular and certain rights. A CC License has four basic parts.
Accreditation: Author must be attributed as the creator of the work. Then, work can be modified, distributed, copied, used otherwise.
Shared with CC: The work can be modified, distributed but only under CC License.
Non-Commercial: Work can be modified, distributed but not for commercial purposes. The word “commercial” is a bit vague in its meaning since no solid lined definition is provided.
No Derivative Works: You can copy and distribute the licensed work, but you can’t modify it in any way or create work based on the origin [as MIT Open Courseware Material is]
Remember, these are not necessarily all the rules in all the licenses based on CC. Some CC Licenses may or may not have the above rules. They are mutually exclusive and can be combined as per the needs.

Getting the license¶

Once you know which license to get, got to https://creativecommons.org/choose/ and start filling out the details. This is the page that will be displayed.

Start by answering the questions which will decide the type of license you need.
- Allow adaptations of your work to be shared?
- Yes : The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, as well as make and distribute derivative works based on it.
- No : The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, but not distribute derivative works based on it.
- Yes, as long as others share alike : The licensor permits others to create and distribute derivative works, but only under the same or a compatible license.

Allow commercial uses of your work?
- Yes : The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, including for commercial purposes.
- No : The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only.

It will display the type of license you’ve selected.¶

Next is entering the title for your product, your personal info, website address for the product you’re licensing and reference(if any) from where your product is inspired.
Once everything is entered, the screen will show the html code for your license which you can copy at the end of your webpage.
This should display the licensing information at the bottom of the page like shown below.

future possibilities of my final project¶

Recently lots of researchpaper will be done on this project and i became fun to all person if they 0-5 yrs, teenagers, youth, adult, or older also.
As we know Our old traditional will be a new fashion for this Era famous this HD and Ultra HD era should go fashion or a Trend for next few years the people should love to play with pixels image and the virtual image you should be a text also.

Upto now this is helping to photographer for marrages, photoshoot, contest etc,.
Some colleges will used in their function with expensive budget.

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